Double-barreled , double-barreled one is the Northeast , the Department of the two tubes together side by side tie knot together . Popular in the Northeast, North vast region. Modern twin-tube length by the two , the same pitch pipe tie knot together side by side . Each tube eight holes ( after the first seven ) . Abalone tube has rarely seen. While playing , you can blow the two tubes and can also be separated from the two tubes , each hand holding a pipe , according to the three fingers of each tube at the top of the sound hole , alternately playing short notes to heighten the atmosphere, the music to a climax. Songs of ” rivers of water ” and so on. Another Hmong double tube .
Northeast double-barreled
Production of materials
Dual production of materials to use more old mahogany , brass and south is also useful oak wooden, tin-lead pipe melted bordered by two bilateral prevent cracks. Rarely use bamboo ( because the body is short and easy to crack ) uses the old red wooden double-barreled pure tone made clear that different tube length , tube length between 190-199 cm, 190 cm, 192 cm to 199 cm . Diameter of 10 cm to 13 cm , the tube are seven holes , one hole back , although the length of the caliber double-barreled different ( old artist said about six inches ) but adjustable pitch pipe whistle , whistle and suona oboe different pipe whistle , and coarse and long, its length is 55 cm × 17 cm, tube whistle generally used immature dumb pair reed system, such reed whistle system , not soft noise , single-tube double pipe over the thick and long ( its length is 7 inches to 7.5 inches ) .
Structural features
Double-barreled by the speakers, the sound tubes and reed composition. No waist with a multi- speaker whole gourd production, dig to the bottom of the borehole seeds , gourd stem length Xizhu tube inserted at the mouthpiece . Sound works two different thickness bamboo production, upper left section closed , intermediate transparent, the lower exposure , gourd tied to insert the bottom of each tube is inserted into the root cavity partially lined with a gourd reed , reed copper or copper silver alloy , in the spring tongue carved frame , was 12 ° sharp triangle . Sound works beeswax closed fixed . Thick and long as a competent sound tube , tube length 25 cm to 37 cm, diameter 1.5 cm or so, there are seven open tube body ( after the first six ) round by the sound hole , may issue an octave melody tone ; smaller and shorter vice pipe , just insert the reed , do not open the sound hole , the sound can only be issued cylinder and a piston , no vice tube pronunciation , it can be vice tube blockage. Pitch and tone tube column , and there are differences due to different ethnic groups and regions.
Historical records
Han Xuan Note “Rites of Spring official Little Master “: ” tube such as flute and small, and while blowing the two .” It is obvious that already exists twin-tube type instruments . ” Sui Music ” contains Kucha music in a double wicker horn .伯 孜Creek Caves Turpan northeastern part ( cut in 550-1368 years ) twenty-ninth Cave wicker horn double image , double-barreled side by side, according to the tube body has five holes . Song “Music Book” contains a double wicker horn : “Hu Department Yasukuni double wicker horn instrument , ” Tang music map ” preaching too .” There Shuangfeng tube: ” Shuangfeng tube sound enough to fit two tubes twelve law , the pipe ends Shi return spring , carved phoenix to led so all four orifices .” Since showed double-barreled since Don has been widely applied .
Modern twin-tube length by the two , the same pitch pipe tie knot together side by side . Each tube eight holes ( after the first seven ) . Abalone tube has rarely seen. While playing , you can blow the two tubes and can also be separated from the two tubes , each hand holding a pipe , according to the three fingers of each tube at the top of the sound hole , alternately playing short notes to heighten the atmosphere, the music to a climax. Songs of ” rivers of water ” and so on. [ 2 ]
In our wide variety of folk musical instruments , one of which is played by one person while two wind instruments, wind instruments on which two are collectively referred to as “double wind instruments .” The exact name of each double wind instruments , but also used a wind instrument before it was originally called the crown of a single “double ” word , such as double flute , double suona and so on. Later, around the country to double wind instrument musicians mining , development and achieved gratifying harvest, after these results made public by the music lovers welcome . Dual wind instrument in China has a long history , although it is now time hidden in the literature , but its historical context is still legible . It is like there is an undercurrent of the river , from its source to the estuary of the same process is not interrupted .
Playing skills
Dual range of two octaves . Drum sound is 6, C1 = G2 a hole 7 , two holes are a three-hole 2 , 3, 4 four holes , five holes 4,5 , tin was 6 , back holes 7,1 , seven holes 2 cylinder filling sound high , filling a hole 4 , two holes aerated 4 , three-hole back aerated 5 , 6 four-hole filling , refilling five holes 7
Dual treble when playing with a swallow , chew , bite force three packages teeth buzzer , when the whistle blew bass spit outside , that old artist spoken throughput power . Soft tube whistle , can sound soft, but when you want to lower a treble sound , hard tube whistle , the pitch can be a high one , two degrees , but difficult to control , easy out noise.
Old artist considers single-tube sound more pointed straight , dark -colored , rough lower than the double-barreled a tritone . Dual harmony, tactful . Early drum band who blew two single tube . Voice pitch difficult coordination, drumming on the roof later had a double-barreled blow people practicing . Each double-barreled blow by playing a phrase , the music segments are melody and harmony , tonal accuracy , and good control of dynamics , bass like clarinet, oboe like Alto area , gradually twin widely spread in southern Liaoning in the northeast . [ 1 ]
While playing , the tube body vertical position. Mouthpiece up, with one side of the mouth , according to the back hole right thumb , index finger, middle finger and ring finger by three holes on the front , left index finger , middle finger and ring finger down by the front three holes , the air vibrating reed and two tubes pronunciation , volume small. Luxi area of Dehong Dai popular twin wicker hundred Lang , head of sound as : c1, d1, e1, f1, g1, a1, c2, d2, vice tube sound as a1. Lincang area popular twin wicker Gengma Dai Long hundred , tube sound relationship with the Deputy Head of the tube for the same degree , in charge of the sound as : g1, a1, b1, c2, d2, e2, f2, g2, Vice- tube tone as g1. De’ang ‘s bray , but also because of the different regions and different. Dehong popular in Luxi County Taishan Mirren , deputy head of tube tone with the same pitch back hole competent sound as : e1, f1, g1, a1, b1, c2, d2, e2, also vice- tube tone to e2. When playing , continuous sound like a long ribbon floating high above , so that the melody particularly plump. Zhenkang popular in Lincang area of渥格treasure, not only with the double-barreled shape wicker Lang hundred Gengma Dai similar drum sound its main and secondary tubes are identical. In general, the Lincang area Zhenkang GENGMA area twin wicker Lang hundred pronunciation bright pure, double-barreled wicker Dehong Luxi area Lang hundred pronunciation soft mellow. Wicker Lang hundred head of soft tones and Xianxiu , vice tube under continuous sound off , with a subtle beauty and hazy . In particular, it is blown out of the vibrato shake like silk , elegant and gentle . Therefore, some people mistakenly call from Hulusi ago . Playing skills vibrato , portamento , etc. spit tone down . Commonly used in solo self-entertainment , but also by a few pieces of different sizes ensemble . Good at playing folk songs and performance rich ethnic customs .
Traditional songs are: ” Ma shouted wood ” ( Dai meaning sing folk songs ) , ” blanket little tune “, ” folk tune ” and ” Lo sub- tune” and so on. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China’s national musicians twin wicker Lang hundred reformed . 1958 , Yunnan Song and Dance Troupe first hundred in the traditional wicker Lang on the design have made a two supervisors, no side pipes wicker Lang hundred , fourteen can play sound , range a-c3, up to two more than eight degrees. In the 1970s , has successfully developed twin-tube wicker Lang hundred four degrees . Using copper gourd-shaped speakers, instead of the natural gourd , plastic sound tube , two tube tone four degrees apart , a range c1-d2, another branch range f1-g2, there have been five pairs of tones. Can play a variety of simple and polyphonic sounds and music .
Representatives
After the founding of the Northeast Valley emerged the new good , learning later in life , Lui open rock, Wang Shibin , Liu Baoshan , Jianghong Ru , Song Lichun , Yuan Guoqing , Ren Guan Xi and a number of Woodwind , as well as宋喜平, ROCKETS , Shen statehood and other rising star, they not only proficient in a variety of musical band music , more skillfully played our ancestors passed down pipe music and seedlings songs.
Hmong dual
Miao Miao is a twin-tube gas -ming cluster vertical blowing double reed instrument by two parallel tube body composition. Can solo, ensemble or accompaniment. Popular in western Guangxi Zhuang and Miao Autonomous County of Longlin inhabited areas .
Brief introduction
Miao Ming cluster vertical gas blowing double reed instrument by two parallel tube body composition. Hmong called ” long plot ” ( meaning two instruments ) . Can solo, ensemble or accompaniment. Popular in western Guangxi Zhuang and Miao Autonomous County of Longlin inhabited areas .
Structure
Is composed of two identical twin size bamboo tube body bundled together side by side , into the left tube and right tube , pipe folk called the ” public” , “mother” , length 30 cm . Each tube is equipped with a core body and tube whistle and have a common gas card.
Tube body with a length of about 28 cm , diameter 0.7 cm of thin bamboo pipe production, the left tube opened 8 ( n 7 back 1 ) the sound hole , the right tube has six vents open , back hole Chuzuo tube ( open at sixth, between seven holes ) , each of the sound hole of equal pitch , and the same one to six holes left and right position of the two tubes .
The first end of each tube are left bamboo , festival every small hole drilled in the center . To insert the core . Core plays the role of connecting tube and the tube body whistle , multi- length 2.5 cm , diameter 0.6 cm or more slender bamboo goose tube production. Mounted to the upper end of the tube whistle , the head of the lower end of the tube is inserted in a small hole . Around a common set of two cores on a gas card.
Gas card is made of gourd shell diameter of 4 cm round slices, while playing for boosting the lips , helping luck , and make a lasting force mouth . Whistle with a reed pipe tubing , about 1.5 cm , without any processing, flat mouth to mouth with the whistle blowing .
Playing
When playing the double pipe , tube vertical position. On the left hand , according to the fifth hole and back to seven holes ; hand in the next, according to the first four holes . Mouth with two pipe whistle , press two fingers with the sound hole . Pronunciation pitched bright, melodious tone , with rich flavor Shan , range from the (c2 ~ d3). In addition to play the same degree of two-tone , but also simple two- blowing sound and tone , and can play two voices tunes, have a more abundant expression.
Double tube commonly used in the solo , but also with other instruments ensemble or folk accompaniment. Every traditional festival or marriage Miao people happy occasions , often blowing double-barreled add to the fun . It also often ensemble with gongs , drums and other musical instruments . Add a festive atmosphere .
