Category: Chinese musical instruments

Howard posted a long time did not send! Note: “ho” big meaning!
A few days ago it in several drums Friends ask questions about the material drumsticks.
We take the opportunity to explore, describe three of the more common use of wood drumsticks!

Hickory (Hickory)

About drumsticks material issues
Yes walnut is walnut!
Walnut fact, there are many, so we do not, then in the end is kind of a waste of time to continue to walnut discussed okay?
The most common, used to make high-quality North American hickory drumsticks. Is the most popular raw drumsticks!
This wood hard, very straight grain, smooth feel, since ancient times as a choice (such as stock, Barrel) handheld devices. Because the wood itself, the context is very thick, so you can see a lot of gaps after molding. So because of these gaps in time to knock can feel how much wood inside slightly hollow feeling! But no need to worry, very strong way!

About drumsticks material issues
Compared with two wooden described below, the texture should be his hardest, but also almost the relative toughness. So it Gupi rebound is most sensitive! But also the most is not easily deformed! Because he’s so hard wood debris generally relatively large, long-term for the snare drum band while playing easily burst open! Meanwhile his sweat effect is relatively narrowly, the three wood is easier to slip! (Please note that I said are limited to compare between these three materials.)

About drumsticks material issues
Piece of leaf on the Canadian flag is the maple leaf!
Maple fact, there are many, so we do not, then in the end is kind of a waste of time to continue to walnut discussed okay?

The most common, is for the production of high-quality Canadian maple drumsticks. Relative to the other two maple wood is very light! Close texture, do not see the gap, wood is very clear and smooth!

In fact, can be divided into two kinds of maple, hard maple and soft maple, I think for the production of drumsticks or neck should belong to the hard maple, is characterized by hard texture, texture, straight and long. Is also often used to make the floor.

About drumsticks material issues
Frankly, since I like maple drumsticks, feel and sound are very good, and very light, so you can choose thicker drumsticks to play music soon! His sweat effect is quite good, compared with the other two materials, feel no change after a sweat! The only drawback is the drumsticks most serious problem is the wood is too soft, too fond off! Because so soft texture Gupi rebound reaction than hickory to almost, but okay! Bend more easily compared with walnut! But also good!
By the way why do you want to mention soft maple?
About drumsticks material issues

Because, soft maple plasticity very good so often used to make a variety of furniture.
He told them that the drummer what does it matter? …… You got it, making use of the maple drum chamber mostly soft maple!
Seen the animated movie “Ice Age” do? There has been little squirrel, always chasing his nuts! That is, the fruit of oak!

About drumsticks material issues
In fact, there are many kinds of oak, so we do not, then in the end is kind of a waste of time to continue to walnut discussed okay?
The most common, used to make high-quality drumsticks is a Japanese white oak.
I remember last time there buddy asked how to identify oak drumsticks, the answer is very simple, very obvious spots on oak drumsticks section!
About drumsticks material issues
Oak is a very strong wood, in three different wood, oak wood is the best kind of toughness! Simply put, is not love off! After a long fight against oak chips were always small. 哨棒 kind used on martial arts, just like oak wood species belonging to the same family!
But the toughness of the side effects is that the three oak wood is bent favorite! So he’s working, especially in this part of the air-dried, timber difficult than the other two. Coupled with the relatively high cost of the oak itself, it is generally the same level of oak drumsticks expensive than the other! Also because toughness, oak drumsticks itself will absorb a lot of shock, so he Gupi rebound reaction for three materials most insensitive!
Oak drumsticks sweat is very good, but he has a remarkable feature is that the more sweat drumsticks itself becomes more astringent! You will find that a lot of brands to make non-slip handle drumsticks, used walnut, oak rarely have to deal with a non-slip! But this feeling is personal, I do not like!

The above is a little lower in the use of experience, and the king of mutual encouragement!

In addition, I want to emphasize that a lot of friends like to ask drum feel of the device above problem!
For example, the tone you, feel you, such questions!
Personally, I think the problem is difficult to express the feeling clear, especially narrative alone. What’s more, everyone feels the sound are also not the same!
So I hope that the Friends of the drum or to attempt to personally oriented, others introduce supplement! In one of the words but must not point to cover!

[REVIEW] do you know the origin of the drums? This article will share knowledge about the origins of jazz, began to enjoy it together!
Drums (JAZZDRUMS) originated in the United States. It is a set of drum-based combination of percussion instruments. Specifically for jazz accompaniment played by one person begins.
“Sir,” the word does not refer to the Legion of the British royal family, but an early African-American musician’s name, full name, Sir wave Brown. The early American jazz music to entertain the lower forms of black people, when the famous black musicians playing, people often excited shouting, “Sir, come one!.” Later, this music is a result of the black singer named. Traditionally called “jazz” was.
Juetu drum appearance bent like a child on the go a lot hanging drum, drummer playing with a very air, conspicuous, stereo drum cadence sonorous sounds. In China, people according to its form and used to call it “drums”, drummer playing commonly known as “playing the drums.”
Most early Jazz drum is very simple, only the army drum, snare drum and cymbal army. Force people to stand on the floor drum, snare set up their feet to kick drum sound, then a stick stuck in the ground, put up a military hat. Mid-19th century, the end of the US Civil War, blacks singing and dancing from the dissolution of the army there to get a lot of instruments. Such as the size of the snare drum, hi-hat cymbals, etc. (these instruments has almost become the main instrument in jazz and later) the different types of black genius clever drum cymbals together, became the prototype of drums. They put troops on the ground drum placement of the stent, the configuration can be instigated a drumhead pedal. Then military snare drum and cymbal points hung on both sides of drums. Thus, a person can simultaneously manipulate multiple pieces of percussion instruments. Later, through the development, improvement, and slowly evolved into
Modern jazz. With the development of jazz. Drummer technology is also rising, simple device, and then meet the needs of the band’s drummer, so in combination percussion gradually joined several removed the snare snare, tom tom tom tom beat up, and bass drum, snare cross phase echoes very appealing, and later to the sound they emit named “tom” (TOM-TOM). Chinese custom called for “tom tom” because tom drum-type system like a bucket, some also call it “tom.” With the development of jazz, can not even move the hi-hat is also added in. Until the development of the type system sound, easy to manipulate, with both sides of the drum, tom face seven, eight or nine face a cymbal percussion worldwide.

We now always use numbers to identify drumstick models, in general, this classification, there are two broad categories: modern and traditional. Modern Model Number: Modern digital models are generally unique to each drumstick manufacturer, not the same brand have different figures represent their models. For example, is the ProMark 707 and 739 models, Quantum3000 is Calato models, model Magnum Rocker is Vic Firth exclusive use. Traditional model numbers: the so-called traditional model numbers, such as 3S, 2B, 5B, 5A, 7A there is from the first generation of the standing side drumstick models. All of these may vary depending on the manufacturer and a little nuances in Taper and hammer head, but the overall shape of the model as well as the entire industry is almost uniform.

Figures represent the significance: In these models, the circumferential length of the digital portion represents drumstick, which is the thickness of the drumstick. Typically, the larger the number the thinner the drumstick. In contrast, the smaller the number the more coarse drumstick. For example, 7A than in 5B should be fine, and 5B are finer than 2B. But there is an exception, that is, 3S, though his numbers are 3, but it is also thicker than 5B.

The letters represent the meaning of: “S” model is designed specifically for the marching band drumstick, such as a military band. This model can be improved naturally cool, very suitable for the use of these musical styles. “B” model is very suitable for the band to play, such as pipe band or orchestra music. It is more than the thickness of the “S” type should be fine, they use very easy to control, it is very popular in the beginner. So, 2B drumstick recommended countless drum teacher to student, began as a drumstick contact. “A” represents Symphony. “A” type drumstick design or large jazz orchestra playing dance music and design. They want finer than B, which makes them very suitable for playing some soft music. So why is “A” represents Symphony Which? According to records, Ludwig Drum Company is the world’s first mass-produced using modern mechanical means drumstick manufacturers. And Lrdwig family also plays drums in the world’s pivotal role. So, want to know that these types of drumsticks classification system, in addition to ask this old factory, other methods certainly not enough authority, according to experts BILL Ludwig drum Ludwig JR. Introduction, when his father was the choice of this letter, he chose “A” There are two reasons, one: he does not like “O” (both English OCHESTRA initials), 2: he likes to “A” Since then, each manufacturer uses “A” to represent this model, until now

Quality drum major from the following aspects of view
1. The content of high school bass drum drum timber depends on the material, with the most common North American Maple (North American maple), Birch (birch), African Mahogany (African mahogany), for example, sound characterized as follows.
North American Maple (North American maple):
Bass: 8
Tenor: 5
Treble: 5
Birch (birch):
Bass: 7
Tenor: 4.5
Treble: 7
African Mahogany (African mahogany):
Bass: 10
Tenor: 5
Treble: 4
Of course, the production of materials drum cavity and many, such as: Pearl & reg; Firecracker Series (firecrackers series) is an 8-layer 10 mm polished aspen; and Pearl & reg; Masters Series Symphonic Custom (Masters Series regular symphony series snare drum) is 6 layer 7.5 mm vintage maple drum chamber used; Pearl & reg; Sensitone Classic II (sensitive Classic Series II snare) drum cavity are 14 “* 5” black nickel-plated beads yellow bronze drum cavity and 14 “* 5” chrome-plated drum chamber system.
Another material metal drum chamber are common Stell (steel), Aluminum (Al), Brass (brass), Bronze (bronze). Making wooden drum cavity common materials are North American Maple (North American maple), Birch (birch), African Mahogany (African mahogany), North American Birdseye Maple (cat’s eye maple North America) and Walnut (Walnut) and Cherry (cherry) etc …… [em20]
2, drums thickness
Drums thicker, brighter sound; the thinner the drums sound more muffled. Do not Bohou equivalent to composite layers, can not determine the thickness of the composite layers drums. This is because the thickness of the wood cut from different companies different from each other, and the density of the wood itself also determines whether to cut it very thin. For example, lauan each thick birch certainly better than a lot, because birch strong toughness, can cut very thin. So might a company 9-layer composite drums than six other companies a lot thinner layer of drums.
Using multi-mode manufacturing wood composite drums, relatively thick single layer of wood drums have just made the strength and stability. By interleaving between different layers of laminated wood and solid multi-thin composite drums can do more than a single layer thick drums. At the same time due to the deformation of each timber has a different trend, each clamp, composite drums and rarely appear deformed.
The thickness of the impact on the sound of drums: drums composite layers determines the energy transfer from the drum skin to the attenuation of the barrel, this feature of the drum sounds and sound radiation has very important significance.
Manufacturers usually set at the time of publicity will put layers drum drum drum chamber as a very important technical indicators, the following is the thickness of a few drum cavity and its suitable occasion
Thin drums (4 layers, 5mm) energy transfer between the drum skin is very smooth and drums, drums full resonance. This feature makes good resonant voice “wood” flavor, playing and recording in the near field is very popular.
Medium thickness drums (6 layers, 7.5mm) more rigid and hinder Gupi corresponding number of large energy transfer. Because drums of vibration amplitude smaller than the thin drums sounds coolish, but sounds more radiation. The main purpose of the drums made of such thickness that squeeze out more power, so dashing drum sounds.
Thick drums (8 layers, 10mm, 10 layers, 12.5mm, etc.) The biggest feature is the “efficient”, which means you can put most of the energy to convey to the audience the drummer. This requires a larger thickness of drum sound pressure suitable for large venues such as the use of occasions. Wood snare drum cavity thickness do this so basically you can have with a metal cavity of similar characteristics.
3. The size of the drum chamber
Represents the size of the barrel diameter and thickness. A 14-inch diameter, 5.5 inch thick snare usually labeled as 14 * 5.5; 12-inch diameter, 10-inch-thick drum pass mark is 12 * 10. The larger the diameter of the drum sounds more muffled. For example, the 16-inch to 12-inch drum sounds than through more muffled drum. The thickness of the drums also have a great impact on the sound, the greater the thickness, the lower the sound. Sound muffled drum generally larger volume, the sound radiation is also stronger. Thin drum sound radiation is weak, but better resonance, sound more pure. This is why big heads through popular with rock fans welcome drum, while the smaller toms are as respected jazz musicians.
Simple point is: drum cavity deeper, more solid tone; the more shallow drum chamber, even more thin. The smaller the diameter of the drum, the higher the tone; the larger drum diameter, the lower the sound.
4, the drum work
Good material we will need to do in order to show its good craftsman style !! real drum work you can check the barrel cavity wall and the side of each barrel drum, wall interface can not have a significant tilt !! (quickly return any) know friends can see the wood grain, is not really good wood, side see if you can clearly see the level of drums lines, then look at the drum circle is fully consistent with the drums ! (drum or ring is to check whether the deformation) the final step is to see those iron guy! (step hammer, various shelves, cymbals ………) to check for scratches, deformation, or even rust (do not think I’m kidding, but where’s the new drum rust ……. but, you know from the start of production of a set of drums to do it, then hands the dealer, to the piano, and finally to your hand to be How long do they want it ……… huh ??)
Suspension System (suspension system): Almost every brand has a unique drum suspension system in the world. I personally think MAPEX & reg; ITS patent Bass Drum pontoon suspension system, ITS patent Tom Tom Drum suspension system is the most interesting: not only retained the Tom Holder Bass Drum on the interface, while maintaining the integrity of the Bass Drum. Maybe I’m personally holding a US push Pass it ~ ……. (scold me !!) I Acting US Aprize’s !!! ~~! [Em16]
5. drum kit hardware
If the drum kit sound quality is to rely on a drum production processes and materials, it is a necessary condition for the formation of a hardware drum kit.
In the drum kit hardware, quality Drum Pedal and Hi-Hat Stand directly determines the foot and use the power of play to your comfort level. No outstanding quality Drum Pedal and Hi-Hat Stand, your skills will be very difficult to play freely.
The Cymbal Boom Stand, Cymbal Stand, Cymbal Holder, Snare Stand, Drum Thrones, Tom Holder, Tom Stand, Drum Rack, Adapter hardware determines your drum kit regulation and ease of use, stability, use, or even related to Voice quality recordings and performances. Oh, it – I do not understand English pile Oh look
Do not write, a drum sounds bad decisions too many factors not finish the ~ ~ ~ ~! Of course, these are just my personal opinion, I say there is something wrong please correct. Did not say who helped me make up part of it ??

Today, to share with everyone on how to pick the drums? How to pick drums? This article details the techniques and essentials to buy drums, there are plans to buy the users can read the trust for your purchase will be of great help!

Drums is now one of the more popular musical accompaniment by the drum, the drum, snare drum, floor drums, cymbals and pedal cymbals composed of two pieces. In the choice of drums, from Gupi, cymbals, drums frame material, color, style, workmanship, and many other details of the selection.

Step / methods

1. Select the appropriate drum skin, although later Gupi can be changed, but in order to avoid trouble, it is best to choose a good time to buy low-quality mixer drum skin is very difficult, the sound quality is not good, you should choose a good sound continuity, open, balanced drum skin, but also see the selection on the coating drum skin, choose the easiest way is to drum skin were selected percussion drum skin, choose your favorite one. Also Gupi are many types of single-layer drum skin, thin drum skin, the center drum skin, double drum skin, etc., more drum skin layers, the more likely weaken vibration, low frequency will be more adequate, can choose according to their needs.

2 drum sound, you can try to play in the purchase of the following, how to listen to the sound quality, good sound quality and full, deep and powerful, high-pitched loud, full of a sense of power. Generally large stores have a special school sound room.

3 View drums of material, the material is different at different prices, mainly to see the drum chamber used wood, drum skin material, cymbals and other materials as well as shelves.

4 choose the right drumstick, drumsticks there is stress, heavy sound of drumsticks can be made heavier and heavier weights drumstick cymbals also need to send out good quality, thin cymbals you should not use heavy drumstick . In addition to the weight, there drumstick sizes, according to their size choose the right-hand models. Also see the drumstick coating, do not choose too slippery, but also to see whether straight drumstick.

More than five musical instruments store shopping, if a novice is best to go the store to buy a large musical instrument, is not easily deceived, and relatively large range of options. Small shops will be described in more detail, if you wish to have time to visit a few more.

6 to find a drummer with the purchase, own one and sometimes there will be limitations of thinking, it is best to bring one person, two people refer to discuss. In this audition, you can also listen to the next sound standing at different distances.

7 look and style of workmanship, good drums more refined workmanship, from the paint to the line should look at the quality, style and drums more, you can rest assured that choose their favorite style, but many options, representing a high price.

8 Select the appropriate hat, best not to buy cheap cymbals, it will seriously affect the sound quality, if financial resources are limited, it is recommended to choose the right hat, and then select the drum. Variety cymbal more, consult professionals before buying the best novice when purchasing professionals need to choose according to their own style can be.
How to pick drums? Detailing tips to buy drums
Special Considerations

Choose according to their own financial resources, not too ambitious.

Celebrity endorsement of the brand will be more assured quality, but the price is also relatively expensive.

Beginners buy the best consulting professionals.

Wang Du, word Yonhap, Huizhou Wuyuan (now Jiangxi Wuyuan) dafan people. Ming painter. Bozhou Limu. Work books, paintings, diction, and especially painting skills. In his later years to double chopsticks ghostwriter. Landscapes, figures, dyed ecstatic. Since poetry: “Since knowledge peerless Yuan Dan, a few years candid in rivers and lakes, the old fox t come without a brush, double chopsticks can play feet figure.”

A historical figure
Wang Du [out] word Yonhap, Wuyuan (now Jiangxi Wuyuan) people. Thin thirty Limu. Work books, paintings, diction, and especially painting skills. In his later years to double tendons ghostwriter. Landscapes, figures, dyed quite good. – “Huizhou Chi”

Two folk instruments

Wang Du, also known as Wong drums, long drum, horizontal drum. Mixed Yao Ming hit film musical. Popular in Guangdong Province and even South Yao Autonomous County and other places.
Wang Du, also known as Wong drums, long drum, horizontal drum
Wang Du, also known as Wong drums, long drum, horizontal drum

3 historical retrospective
From the ancient waist drum, when the Southern Song Dynasty have been widely circulated in the folk. Qing Li Zhang, “Lian Yang eight soil exhaust note” contains: “(Pai Yao) Lantern strike gongs Laos long drum, jump for the state, its long drum-shaped head of medium and small, Wong coated leather, rope hanging neck, or cloud also ancient system also. ”

4 shape structure
Drum body with whole Paulownia, fir dug from the system, at both ends of Mongolia with goatskin, yellow or sticking, leather fixed on two circular hoops, covered on both ends of the drum mouth ends leather tether on the pull, the seven small bamboo were set into the adjacent two ropes, move small bamboo adjustable drum skin tension. Wang are elongated cylindrical, its shape and the public Wong Kim Soo Au Yao drum lines somewhat similar. A total length of 90 cm, the drum body a little thin in the middle, the ends thicker. Flared end, diameter 22 cm, the other side was a bowl, diameter 19 cm. Drum body looks coated with red paint, painted with gold ornamentation ethnic patterns.

5 playing method
Before playing, first applied to wet Wong drumhead, so both ends of the drum sound is four or five degrees apart interval, you can issue a loud, rich sound. When playing the drums with Xiegua chest, flared end of the drumhead toward the upper left, left hand holding a bamboo blow outs drumhead, the right hand slap drumhead, playing side by side hit the dance, which is the Yao “Wang are encouraged . “Often two or more collective performance for playing, and more for festivals, folk activities “Pan Wang Yuan” and celebrate the harvest and other occasions. It is “Wang are encouraged,” the main accompaniment of musical instruments, but also a dance props.

Thicker waist drum, set one pair on each side of the drum loop. Exposure to the drum bottom Bandha. The drum set, a double problem, strike outs, pronunciation loud. Commonly used in percussion ensemble festival or lion dance, dragon dance accompaniment.

Zhuang kinds of labor, round mound. Popular in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the vast rural areas. Frame drum with a cedar board to fight the system to bamboo hoop tight circle. Drumhead drum diameter and are 60 cm high, with catchy one-sided leather or python Mongolia, with a drum nails. Thicker waist drum, set one pair on each side of the drum loop. Exposure to the drum bottom Bandha. The drum set, a double problem, strike outs, pronunciation loud. Commonly used in percussion ensemble festival or lion dance, dragon dance accompaniment.

Copper angle, also known as blowing gold, ancient minority and Han lip vibration gas alarms instruments. Copper Corner is musical “corner” one, in addition to horns, bamboo angle instruments. Formerly China Northwest Minority instruments, which in ancient geographically widespread popularity, is the Chinese north, northwest peoples common folk instruments.

A national instrument

Gas alarms lip reed instruments. Horn made ​​of copper, it said. Also known as the “Copper Road”, “blow money”, “copper horn”, “copper horn” sounds expensive, loud and clear. Form into two categories: one fake horns, body bent; another straight, as long cylindrical cone. Ancient palace filled with ceremonial music. Ten trick in the Tang Dynasty, only for Gao Kabuki.
Don Du “Tongdian music six”: “High Changle,” “A December drum with a music, a drum, a drum Chicken Lou, Jiegu one, a flute, a flute, wicker horn two, five string lute two, Pipa Second, copper Kok, a vertical harp, Sheng one. “Ming and Qing Dynasties, copper mostly divided into two sections 衘 corner sets, while playing, telescopic tuning, but also facilitate portability get reduced deposit, the” big copper angle “,” small brass angle “parts, called” large “,” II. “Bell as a leader in the decorative who claimed that “leading angle” or “Kang Long Point.” For military who is called “bugle.” To the Qing Dynasty, the folk wind and percussion music and opera used is called “horn”, “No Head”, “O Head”, “well head”, “horn” and other names.

Two historical retrospective

Relatively long history, as early as the Han Dynasty, nomads in northern China has been popular with horns, was playing with a natural animal horn, then gradually the use of bamboo, wood, leather or copper and other materials. Han Dynasty advocate for music, later used in the military and Lu Bu (ceremonial) music. Its shape, Han period for curved corners on the Northern and Southern Tang County, Liaoning series of portraits of brick tomb and Koguryo tomb murals Ann has its image. Tang Dynasty music for ten high Changle, just as “music book” contained in the Song Chen Yang: “Copper corner, Gao’s musical instrument, shaped like a horn.” It is popular in ancient geographically widespread, northern China, the northwestern people of all common folk instruments. Relatively long history of copper corner of history, its origin and original hunting Witchcraft and other activities are closely related. In prehistoric and Xia and Shang Dynasties, whether or pottery corner horns are used as signaling apparatus. Originally cattle, horns made ​​of Neolithic pottery corner there, and later further use of bamboo, wood, leather, copper, etc. made angled shape. In the Han Dynasty inflow angle about the Central Plains, in advocating the application of music is quite wide, later used in the military and Lu Bu (ceremonial) music. Its shape is curved in a corner Han period. Existing Han advocate playing music in the picture angle body is large, has a man-made horn. Southern Tang tomb unearthed in Henan county music portrait preached two bricks, which one is the music for figure four, two of whom drumming, …

3 shape structure

Quintana modeled horns made ​​of thin copper, ethnic, copper angled slightly different system each region. Beijing China Art Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum multivessel copper corner, where a regional division of the Department of Education Liling (Witch) used, thin end of a shallow cup-shaped mouthpiece, under a gourd-shaped ornament, tube body song The thin, oval flared spout, length 60 cm. The copper angle unique, sophisticated technology, excellent. Have been included in “Chinese musical illustrations” in large pictures. Another two leading copper exterior ornamentation angle, length 45 cm, the Department in 1958 purchased from qin ZHENG Ying Sun.

4 playing method

When playing, left hand holding the upper end of the angle, the airflow from entering shallow cup-shaped mouthpiece and pronunciation, tone is crisp and bright, with no fixed pitch. When playing, the smaller the angle body, his hands holding angle body blow; greater angle body, entrusted with the left hand bottom corner hold placed on the chest, right hand corner body blow. No corner by the sound hole, and no fixed pitch, relying on lip changes and breath control, you can play a different pitch. The small high-pitched tone, sharp; greater timbre rich, melodious, can be used solo or ensemble. When multi-percussion ensemble accompaniment, etc.. Hunan has become popular in some areas there are “Jade Huangfu”, “Laojun Fu”, “goat over Au” isometric tunes.

Horn Source: cattle for bovine corner. Efficacy: cool bleeding, detoxification. \

Drug Name horns
Mainly suitable for blood heat Wang Xing’s disease hematemesis, epistaxis, carbuncle swollen boils
Oral Dosage: 5-15 grams of filing or grinding to a fine powder juice served. Or into pills powder
Tropism of taste bitter, salty, cold. Heart, liver, stomach three through
Efficacy cool bleeding, detoxification
Source cattle corner

A traditional Chinese name

Drug name: Horn

Chinese medicine
Indications: vomiting blood for blood heat Wang Xing, epistaxis, carbuncle swollen boils.
Tropism of taste: bitter, salty, cold. Heart, liver, stomach three after.
Dosage: Oral: 5-15 grams of filing or grinding to a fine powder juice served. Or into pills powder.
Latin name: cattle Bostaurus domesticus Gmelin
Research: only contained in the “Chinese Medicinal Animals”

Two main chemical components of nature

One, sterols;
Second, the amino acid: with alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, leucine, proline, tyrosine, histidine, valine;
Third, the peptide: Alkaline hydrolysis of the peptide, both produce arginine, lysine, histidine, glycine, alanine, proline, valine, leucine, etc.;
Fourth, guanidine derivatives;
Fifth, the protein;

Three ethnic musical instruments

Horns, is Yao, Yi, Miao, Jingpo, Naxi, anger, Dai, Buyi, Tujia, Gelo, Li, Han and other ethnic musical instruments lip vibration gas alarms. Popular in Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan and other provinces, especially in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province Qiannan Nandan, Southeast and other places most prevalent.

4 Horns history

Long history, its origins in the primitive hunting Witchcraft and other activities are closely related. In China’s Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong and other places, there have been used in Neolithic pottery unearthed corner. Well Jiabao County, Shaanxi Province unearthed a pottery corner, is Yangshao Miaodigou type, its shape is similar with horns, length 42 cm, internal diameter 1.8 cm mouthpiece, the bell inside diameter of 7.4 cm – 7.6 cm, tube a wall thickness of 0.8 cm to 1 cm. Although this pottery corner mouthpiece smaller, but still blowing sound, the volume is also greater. When the horns horns and other commonly used side has produced this pottery corner. In prehistoric and Xia and Shang Dynasties, whether or pottery corner horns are used as signaling apparatus. Qin and Han dynasties, the angle has been in the military guards of honor and advocating the use of music, in addition to the natural angle of the animal, also appeared angle with bamboo, wood, leather, copper and other materials. From the “Han Dynasty advocating band map” can be seen, the use of the Han Dynasty corner lot, the natural angle is not the horns, etc., but the angle of the artificial production. Ancient angle, first used in the minority, is closely related to animal husbandry, hunting life. Eastern Jin Xu Guang “car service instrument system” in: “corner, past secretary do not load, or cloud this out Qianghu blow to surprise Chinese horse, or a cloud of the Wu and Yue.” (Quote from “North Church book copy” ). “Tongdian” there: “corner, do not overload secretary, Ma Yue Rong Yun out.”

5 shape structure

Horns with the natural growth of multi-yellow horn or buffalo production, often local materials, specifications vary in size, usually full-length 40 cm to 70 cm, the dead end side saw flat in Jukou center drill a pore, and the angle of the chamber connected, the upper hole reaming and obtuse shape, similar to the mouthpiece. The upper corner of the device and some are still a bamboo or wooden mouthpiece (Figure).

6 playing method

When playing, the smaller the angle body, his hands holding angle body blow; greater angle body, entrusted with the left hand bottom corner hold placed on the chest, right hand corner body blow. No corner by the sound hole, and no fixed pitch, relying on lip changes and breath control, you can play a different pitch. The small high-pitched tone, sharp; greater timbre rich, melodious, can be used solo or ensemble. Hunan has become popular in some areas there are “Jade Huangfu”, “Laojun Fu”, “goat over Au” and horn melody. When playing with percussion accompaniment.

7 around the horn

Northern Nandan and other places in southern Guizhou Libo Yao people, big horn used most distinctive. Yao said the boat to Europe, Le force, literally translated as horns, with a special tube grown buffalo production, amputated sharp angle, drill a hole with a diameter of 3 cm angle lumen communicates to 30 cm long bamboo Paulownia tubes or hollow tube mouthpiece, insert the end of a round hole in a dead end, corner mouth external length 20 cm to 30 cm long, with brown hair and local viscose liquid fat stick wrapped around a tree made ​​of bell, tube full length 100 cm to 120 cm. When playing, angular shoulder with a rope hanging right hand corner of the lumbar support, left hand holding the mouthpiece woodwind, trumpet toward behind, inflatable pronunciation, tone deep, deep, relatively loud volume. To increase the angle of resonance and timbre changes so often and pour some water in the chamber at the angle of bend and put three or four fist big pebbles. Suitable playing bradycardia long tunes. During the Spring Festival, a traditional festival, harvest, and other festive occasions, Yao family would gather together to play add to the fun. In addition to solo, but also often ensemble with drums, bass drum Yao, pull horn and other instruments. In addition to Yao, the Tujia, Gelo, Li, Miao and other ethnic peoples also used this big horn.
Guangxi Yao big horns to 30 cm long tube mouthpiece paulownia wood, horn mouth External 20-30 cm brown hair and viscose resin trumpet, horn the small length 100 cm, angle greater than 120 cm. While playing, the left hand bottom corner prop hold placed on the chest. Deep melodious tone can solo or with drums, percussion section ensemble. Yash for festivals, harvest celebrations and other occasions. Tujia, Gelo, Li, Miao and other ethnic groups also use this Big Horn; Yao, Li, Tujia and other nationalities as well as with long and short two sockets made ​​of horn. Yao’s horns, short in length and 15 cm in length and 34 cm long, short-long festival set into the upper section. Can be played pentatonic scale, range g1-g2. Deep timbre. For festivals, playing songs hall or open Code occasions, often playing together by people. Tujia horns for Tima (witches) used; Hani, Dai horns small, sharp angle grinding hole inlay brass reed, left hand corner, the mouth with a reed blowing drum spring pronunciation, pitch for e1, right palm in angle mouth opening and closing, a variety of rhythm can be played for hunting; shepherd small horns, set in the small end of the bark whistle blowing.
Guangxi Rong Jiang Yao horns for funeral music; Guizhou Yi said the child had horns for celebrations, funeral music; Hunan and Guizhou Miao border horns, pronunciation tragic; Buyi horns, pronunciation deep, were used as the set signal. Hunan Province horns popular tunes of “Yu Huang Fu,” “Laojun Fu”, “goat had depression,” and so on.
There is also a small production with yellow horns horns, bark-rolled thin end of the mouthpiece is placed horns. Shepherd used to play myself and others.

Eight existing condition

Beijing China Art Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum horns only, which has a Hunan Miao horns, made ​​with buffalo horn, length 54 cm, 2 cm in diameter mouthpiece, diameter 0.5 cm, outside inlaid copper hoop, angular mouth was oval, diameter 10 cm, diameter of 6 cm shorter, nearly 12 centimeters at the mouthpiece is engraved with three circular tube body ornamentation. This angle has been included in “Chinese musical illustrations” in large pictures.

9 horns connector

Key Specifications / Special Features:
Point of contact material: Copper Alloy
Plating surface treatment: gold-plated or tinned
Pressure horns row connector
Pressure horns row connector
Electrical Specifications:
o Current Rating: 1Amp
o maximum tolerated voltage: AC 500V / 1Minute
o Insulation resistance: 1000MΩ Min, 500V in DC
o Contact resistance: 15MΩ Max
o Operating temperature: -40 ° C ~ + 105 ° C
o Easy-pressure horn connector, adapted to UL 2651 28 # PH = 1.27 cable

Han frankly banjo instrument belongs to a guqin. The historic relatively rare, lyre widely, banjo with national characteristics, pronunciation and soft, mellow, volume is not. Can be used solo or as a folk song, folk dance accompaniment.

A banjo Overview
Warring States period unearthed banjo Suizhou
Warring States period unearthed banjo Suizhou
Many ancient Chinese stringed instruments such as violin, zither, building, etc., have experienced five strings of shapes. “Book” are:. “Qin Shun Wu Xian’s bomb,” “Ceremony Music”:. “Zheng, Wu Xian building itself is also” in 1978, China’s tomb in Hubei Province with the county (early Warring States) unearthed a banjo, it documented build similar.

Two old banjo
Shape old banjo (Figure), at the upper and lower parts, constituted by the sound board, strings nails, Xian Zhu, strings and resonance boxes. The upper part of the sound board, multi-use soft texture of pine, fir material production, plate length 40 cm, width 12 cm, thickness 2 cm, 2 cm from the ends of the sound board, one end of the nail with five nails as tailpiece chord nails, nail from 2 cm; set the other end there are five iron or wooden stick as tying strings Xian Zhu, column spacing 2 cm. Chord between nail and 弦柱, Zhang five strings, no strings column under the horse. Ancient strings, the use of flax twisted together; later gradually changed stringed or steel strings. The lower resonance box is rectangular box-shaped, multi-hard texture of wood nailed crafted, long 32 cm wide and 16 cm high 12 cm, but also the use of foreign iron substitution. Banjo soundboard resonance box with both separate and combined instrument shape, and with the county of Hubei tomb unearthed 2400 years ago, piano, Joseph, built a similar structure, shall not coincidence.

3 banjo playing
When playing the banjo flat on the ground, who sat on the floor playing, leaned play. Left and right hand armed with a stick or wooden paddles pronunciation plucked strings. Bunun tribe banjo is based on the unique folk tones to tune a stringed instrument, the strings in turn defined as: g, c1, d1, e1, g1. Pronunciation soft, mellow, volume is not. Can be used solo or as a folk song, folk dance accompaniment.

4 banjo’s story

Sima Yi comeback

Banjo, piano with whole grain into Indus woodcarving, Wu Xian Zhang length on the piano. Last place near the piano a little bit black, as if the fire had been burning before, also known as coke tail piano. Nanzheng land, ancient days of prison. Xiegu road is meandering in the five hundred miles of caves, real non-military uses. But on the mountain road not far from Jieting, endless rolling brigade troops in the south forced march. Rows are lightly armed infantry end, sword in his hand guns, walked faster than usual, at least half of the hurried pace. On both sides of the infantry ranks, column by column light cavalry horse Swagger, infantry quickly than from the side, not to stay ahead and ran. From the team played under the banner can be seen, this is a Wei army, whether forward or backward teams have no end in sight, is also considered to number less than one hundred thousand. A teenager generals flew in the street, waving his whip from time to time, urging soldiers plus a breathless enthusiasm, do not slow down. He seemed satisfied with the team’s traveling speed, the horse ran back to the tree by the roadside a small hill green banner. Seven fringed flag on behalf of the authority of the viceroy Wei, and yellow tassels was Pingxi meaning, “Sima” two characters on the flag’s description of the identity of ── veteran who he is just back soon, flat Mengda, g Jieting of Pingxi captaincy Sima Yi.
West dispute

“Father handsome, why so matter of great urgency to fight this tiny West?” Sima Zhao somewhat puzzled. Sima Yi Nianxu smile: “Although it is 山僻 small West County, but it is the bread of the Tuen Shujun If you’ve got this city, Southampton, Tianshui, stability can be regained three prefectures..” He suddenly smile a convergence, eyes and more a few Fenyou Italy, into a meditation. West County is really too small, was ordered to come to forage handling of five thousand pieces of Shujun the streets are packed. Shujun said with well-trained, but in the face of so much misfortune, could face does not change color heart does not panic people really small. Who could have thought of it, ten days ago Shujun also news of success, Bing Feng Chang straight buckle, now Jieting a loss, Shujun danger facing annihilated. People are crying horse called most of the day, managed to grain car RBI Well, can the hearts of the soldiers still at sixes and sevens no end.
Army owned and

Watching a lieutenant with a Centaur pressing grain car go away, Zhuge Liang gently exhales. Suddenly, a Huangji “reported a voice sounded behind him.”, The Secretary, Sima Yi rate, the rate of force west -. “, Spies shortness of breath, choking voice, saying do not go,” reported ── also a stumbling Spies ran the city wall: “Sima army 150,000 swarmed less than half an hour, there seventh Spies fly newspaper, Sima Yi cavalry vanguard of not more than ten miles away from the West side of the civilian Zhuge Liang looked at each other. , constantly oozing cold sweat on his forehead. looking ahead, at the smoke billowing connected world, hoofs thundered clearly audible, West tower seemed shaky in the sound. hooves filled in between heaven and earth, and an incredible command sounded: “Kaesong! “Sima Yi extremely weird look on his face, he could not believe his eyes. Entire West quiet, stay out of the war like a paradise. On the wall empty, neither Shujun flags, no defense soldiers. surrounded the gates are wide open, no one else than two dozen people buried sprinkler commoner sweeping, like waiting for something.
Breath play

Just then he heard the sound of the piano. Zhuge Liang sitting on top of the tower, wearing robes gossip, it is the figure who trained and grace. His right and left standing a boy, holding a sword and whisk respectively. Qin front of him stood a tool, is shrouded in rising cigarette breath play. Pieces go house tune, CKS calm, sometimes as towering mountains, sometimes like gurgling water, it is refreshing. I heard shouts in the clearest, hanging on Sima Yi mouth hint of sneer, walked side and walked towards the gate. Pieces slowdown already turned the requisition, every note phonology long, soothing in it implies efforts. Sima Yi’s face became serious, mouth taut, he suddenly strode back, suddenly walked quickly oblique line, the first step of leaving footprints deeper. Zhuge Liang corner of my eye to the next city sweep, the surface may seem a bit stiff smile Ju, Sima Yi only fifty paces from the gate. His face suddenly became blood red, and then immediately returned intact. Sounds suddenly overstating, clear stone can crack into the sky. That melody lines along the way, the more dangerous the more rows, leaving no room for maneuver Jingbu, tune into the plume of large ones. A little water damage occurs after Zhuge Liang’s back, slowly expanding open. Sima Yi’s face was ashen, as if to drop down to the green, very afraid. There are thin wisp of white water vapor rises straight up, showing his internal forces are stretched to the extreme on his helmet. The sight of the gate actually seems distant and he can feel every step as heavy as Mount Tai pressure. Pieces suddenly worsened, and blew out, and fell in among the business transfer.
Insidious Murder

Pieces wrap low, gradually weak, vague change until a few inaudible. But Sima Yi has felt the heavy pressure, Murder, Murder insidious everywhere. “Clank”, Qin actually sent in armored cavalry of sound, rapid agitation, it is very angular adjustment Xuemaibizhang. Sima Yi stepped down at the foot of Seven footwork, rush back, but sounds more urgent and more dense, sound rage masterpiece. Three consecutive strong voice, he staggered pace, standing firm, for taking a Daozong stature wafting outside Shu Zhang. He went straight turning launched, saying loudly:? “Orders, the team changed after former team, Sima Zhao withdrawal one can not help but reveal the color of surprise, fifteen thousand troops, why fear a person Sima Yi Ming looked at his son, leaving a “his heart is not chaos,” Cui Ma rush to the army.
Distant dust undecided, Wei Jungang just receded. The tower, Zhuge Liang Fu Zhang laughed.

5 banjo verse

Baijuyi
Qing Song and stop singing, red sleeve of a robe has stopped dancing.
Zhao old man holding five strings, reverberates Dangxiong ask.
If loud coarse powder, whispering wind and rain.
Whispered fine-stricken, honestly spirits language.
Another example is the magpie Annunciation, transferred Yuanti bitter.
Ten no tuning, Zheng Yu Gong reversed.
Take off the smell of this sound, the absence of the main body and spirit.
Strider heard this sound, the stop can not move.
Sigh sigh laity ears, good old bad today.
So Lvchuang piano, day students dust.