Yan column harp , new shells plucked musical instrument sound . By Yan column named as lead sound body . Following is our double- stringed harp flutter pressure , and a harp made in the development of new results.
A shape structure
Shenyang Conservatory of Music Senior Technician , piano tuning repair specialists, ethnic instruments reformer Zhang Kun , in cooperation with the music , musical instruments industry experts , the use of three-dimensional and two-sided lute -shaped sound box zither -type geese column , the column reference harp chords form designed to absorb Han Qihua ‘s ” double string pressure chatter ” structural theory, design and production of successful goose column harp , making the Millennium ancient music with a new look on the world music scene.
2 A brief history
Fledgling
Spring of 1978 , at the Central Nationalities Orchestra performing a tribute to the National Science Conference in concert, Han Qihua developed ” double pressure flutter harp strings ,” first appeared in the capital ‘s music scene , it Erhu duet “Traditional ” Zhang Kun caused great shock and interest. This double- string harp , to leverage support , two string tension balance in the upper strings , so that given the same degree of sound , the role of the lever , you can play the ethnic style of rubbing , sliding , pressing, vibrato , etc. sound , this is the direction and breakthrough harp reform, but also it has a vitality lies. However, due to the use of the harp ‘s resonance box , string Rally, coupled with double strings, pronunciation has been limited , so the volume is relatively small. And because of the limitations of structural layout , swapping will become a problem . To make this instrument as soon as possible to develop the arts , Zhang Kun pondering , thinking …… . He established this belief : must be closely combined with modern science and modern music together , absorb and experience the advantages of playing stringed instruments at all times , in order to create a reasonable structure, excellent performance harp .
Zhang Kun is a Senior Technician Shenyang Conservatory of Music , he has long been engaged piano tuning and repair work School of Music , is known for the piano expert, he is also actively involved in the reform of China’s national instrument. As early as 1958, he was based on the principles of pronunciation Sheng , Sheng designed a keyboard , up to four and a half octave range , harmony was better , praised by the music industry , and was included in ” Chinese folk instruments improved anthology “in the . In 1958 , he cooperated with Cui Xin, Zheng swapping jointly study the issue , after four generations of thirteen draft, two decades of continuous improvement , and finally in 1978 successfully developed the shift column swapping Zheng , 1981 Liaoning Province won a major third prize of scientific and technological achievements , such as the Ministry of Culture and technological achievements four .
In 1979 , our research experts to the harp . Central Nationalities Orchestra under the leadership of the Ministry of Culture and the Arts Council caring , Science and Technology Bureau and the Chinese Musicians Association , set up to establish artificial deputy head off the head of the harp design and development team . Zhang Kun was invited to participate in the design team members as well as the Central Nationalities Orchestra harp soloist Cuijun Zhi , Wang Xiang researcher at China Institute of Technology arena and Suzhou National Musical Instruments Factory production house蒋柏松and other stringed instruments . Strong sense of responsibility , prompting Zhang Kun think and work diligently , he zither swapping experience with the reform that must transcend harp harp playing function , only the possibility of its existence and development. He first determined the structural principle of absorption Han Qihua ” double- stringed harp press chatter ” so that it can play the music with our national characteristics rubbing , sliding , pressing, vibrato effect. Followed by the violin gave him an important revelation , a violin, piano box so small , why can emit as loud and beautiful voice? If the backplane that side also installed and launched sub- strings , not to solve the double string resonance yet . To harp can redeployment , as double string tension lever balance must be installed in the lower strings , the upper end of the string to place redeployment machinery. To mind the geese column swapping harp blueprint : the use of double-sided vertical resonance box , geese column to guide sound body , balance and balance shaft lever mounted on the bottom strings , harp mechanical swapping method transplanted to the upper end of the string , so double string with diacritical degree while swapping . Modeling to inherit national traditions, decorated with the image of the Phoenix back . According to this idea , through team work, brainstorming , and through the forty days of tests designed to prove on paper into reality . Subsequently, Suzhou National Musical Instruments Factory蒋柏松and other stringed instruments make home after five months of hard work to complete the task of geese column harp of the trial .
Accomplished early
March 1980 , China’s first aircraft geese column harp in Suzhou successfully developed ( Figure ) . It has a double string 72 sheets , 36 strings each row , the corresponding two- chord homonyms. C major scale by seven pentatonic arrangement , range A1-a3, up to five octaves. The bright tone , and zither similar, overtone effects like Guqin , expressive very rich, you can play arpeggios , chords and polyphonic melodies , especially playing rubbing , sliding , pressing, vibrato better to form a unique sound wild harp column and ethnic styles. Use achieve professional performance level that can be used solo, trio or dance and other musical accompaniment , and with national or Western orchestra concerto . In September of that year at the National Ethnic Arts Festival opening ceremony, the Central Nationalities Orchestra harp soloist崔君芝harp with this aircraft , a solo performance of ” Plum Blossom” and a duet with Gaohu “Boats ” Harp by pressing simulation chatter playing zither sounds , depicts the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland and the ancient fisherman rewarding joy scene. Cuijun Zhi was playing the harp image plane was loaded with ” Chinese musical illustrations ” in large pictures .
Final shape
Seventeen years later in 1997 , a structure concise , low cost of universal geese column harp , by the author and Shenyang Conservatory of Music in Beijing, Zhang Kun successful development cooperation .
This universal harp , with vertical -sided trapezoidal resonance box , choose the Indus soundboard wood production , arched surfaces , thickness distribution reasonable science. Zhang double strings, each row 36 of 72 strings, strings corresponding to two homophones . Sound forth the C major pentatonic scale seven arranged range C-c4, a total of five octaves. String column d-c3 can play the lever device by rubbing , sliding , pressing, vibrato effect, it is like wild harp that column , you can use the guqin , zither , lute and harp playing techniques . Sound bright , beautiful , full of rich ethnic characteristics.
3 Social Assessment
China’s famous harp virtuoso崔君芝of this popular type of harp gave a high evaluation , the identification of the book she wrote: ” December 3, 1997 , I tried playing the music and Zhang Kun jointly developed universal Harp , I think : they are concise and rational design , the headstock , piano seat can be folded installed , the popularity of this innovative and easy to carry harp with the greatest revelation I hope to continue to improve and promote the process of production in a small amount to . to meet the current demand for harp instrument worldwide , which cause the development of Chinese harp , is undoubtedly a powerful impetus one of the ” universal harp advent of women and children will be learning to play a stringed instrument of choice for shells , suitable for general working-class household consumption , suitable for music schools, cultural centers, Children’s Palace and other units or individuals start playing courses. Training and learning through the system , both to meet the urgent needs of music lovers , but also for the country to cultivate a large number of harp playing talent.
