Aijie Ke , also known as Hal Zach . Originated in ancient Persia. Xinjiang due to popular Markit , Bachu , Awati , Kashgar , Yarkand and Kuqa other places.
Introduction
Aijie Ke , also known as Hal Zach . Originated in ancient Persia. Xinjiang due to popular Markit , Bachu , Awati , Kashgar , Yarkand and Kuqa and other places , so called Multi Lang Aijie Ke, Xinjiang Uighur , Uzbek and Tajik stringed musical instrument , now prevalent in southern Xinjiang area, mainly for playing folk songs and tunes Maqam , is one of the characteristics of Xinjiang folk music .
2 Edit the origin and development
Aijie Ke Uyghur , Uzbek and Tajik stringed instruments. Originated in ancient Persia , after the “Silk Road ” spread eastward in China. Now prevalent throughout Xinjiang Muqam is one of the main instruments of music playing .
Aijie Ke : Uighur , Uzbek and Tajik stringed instruments. Looks chic and unique, Qintong spherical, wooden . Python inside Mongolia , via frets with Paulownia board , so the formation of two hemispherical resonating body , surrounded pronunciation holes Cento or rotate to adjust the angle of the bow and strings , sound vibration and leather with a vibrating plate surface combined effect. Prevalent throughout Xinjiang Muqam is one of the main instruments of music playing .
Aijie Ke generally have two main playing strings , playing in the main chord Xian Zhu Another feature of certain resonance strings, bow ponytail made with bamboo sheets , wipe -outs while playing with a bow main playing strings, other strings resonate role played .
Uighur Aijie Ke originated in ancient Persia ( now Iran’s northern Kurdish region ) , after “Silk Road” spread eastward in China. It is with Tibetan roots cards, Soviet Uzbekistan , Turkmenistan , Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and other ethnic groups is very similar to Chuck piano , especially with popular in Turkey and Kashmir Jia Mancha piano approximation.
In Folk said艾捷克is open , closed , or when the sound emitted by rotating axle . It was originally popular in the southern Hotan , Yarkand and Kashgar area, then gradually spread across northern and eastern Xinjiang .
To the Qing Dynasty , was included in the court of艾捷克Huibu music ( ie Uighur music ) , musical instruments belonging to violin class , ” the law吕正义Code ” reads: ” Secretary violin one back name ‘ Hal Biter ‘ .”
In recent years, there are still bass Aijie Ke trial for the Uygur folk band. With willow as a piano bar , angustifolia wooden spherical speakers, front Mongolian sheepskin or animal skin , there are 1 ─ 3 root master playing strings ( some with a wisp of horsetail for strings ) . Also located at both ends of the piano bar from 5 to 10 resonance strings. While playing , the pillar on the left leg or stand sandwiched between his legs , his left hand piano Anxian , right hand holding the bow pull -outs . Mongolian sheepskin mouth , animal skin or python , and some with Paulownia board. Cancel resonance strings , four , Zhang four strings, four degrees , or five degrees tune a stringed instrument . Range of about three octaves . The new Aijie Ke , is about 90 cm. While playing , you can set the lower end of the pillar ” human” shape activities stand to stabilize the piano for free adjustment of the angle of the piano . Absorbed on playing violin , the erhu fingering , bowing to enrich their skills. Can play a variety of glissandi , harmonics , chords and ornaments .
3 musical features
Aijie Ke unique appearance and chic, Qintong spherical, inside the piano with python wrapped Piemonte , making the formation of two hemispherical body resonance , it is surrounded pronunciation hole , about three -octave vocal range , there are 1 ─ 3根Lord played strings, piano bar at both ends with a 5 to 10 strings resonate , sound board with a combination of vibration and the vibration effect leather . While playing , the pillar on the left leg or stand sandwiched between his legs , his left hand piano Anxian , right hand holding the bow pull -outs .
According to the folk of people say , Aijie Ke play the music sounds like a door opening , closing or axle rotation issued.
4 origin of the name
About the origins Aijie Ke instrument name in folklore with such a beautiful legend .
Long ago , the shuttle on the Silk Road traders especially good to do business , they are very active in the Tang Dynasty , known as ” barbarians ” , the so-called violin is barbarian brought from distant Persia piano . They camels along the way, miss home , played and sang , has been the voice of this wonderful traction to the Central Plains region . There is a team guy名叫艾捷克providers . One day, he came with the caravan Chang’an, Chang’an City was bustling fascinated .
Wandered noon, to feel hungry belly , he walked to the Drum Tower , suddenly saw a barbarian to open the restaurant , the boss actually is exceptionally beautiful young girl. Two fall in love , the girl told him , next time do not forget to come back to Persia a violin , that sounds very nice instruments to play , she liked . Remember when a young girl asked Aijie Ke , and caravan returned to Persia , dedicated to the market to buy a handful of violin , full of joy back to the caravan .
But on the way back , but unfortunately died of illness . Before dying , he asked the partners must take the violin brought the girl to Chang’an . Upon arrival partners Bashansheshui Chang , the violin to the girl. Sad girl holding a violin , burst into tears. To commemorate sweetheart, lover girl to borrow the name of the violin called Aijie Ke . Since then, an alley Chang’an Drum Tower , the day can be heard Aijie Ke sad piano .
5 by category
Aijie Ke circulating process. Constantly enriched and developed to form a variety of different types.
In the main playing strings of points, there is a string , erxian and sanxian Aijie Ke . From the region to points, there多朗艾捷克and Hami Aijie Ke . In addition to the traditional艾捷克, as well as the reform of the new艾捷克and bass Aijie Ke . Although a wide variety of shapes are different, but they are most commonly used Uygur folk band instruments .
多朗艾捷克
多朗艾捷克, popular in the southern region and multi Long Hotan, Yarkand , Markit , Kashi and Bachu , Awati and Kuqa other places. Lord played chord 1 to 3 , respectively . The earliest was popular in the southern and thermal tile just a shape similar艾捷克, there are two wooden resonance box corners , now rare.多 朗艾捷克, length 100 cm around the piano bar is cylindrical , with the production of coconut wood , hemispherical resonator , the use made of jujube and other hard wood , the front was in sheepskin or animal skin . The oldest is a ray of cauda Zhang played as the main chord , the other in the middle on both sides of the piano bar with 6 to 8 wire resonance strings to increase the volume. When playing the piano at the end stern stand on his left leg or legs in the middle of the central resonance box , Anxian piano left hand , the right hand main horsetail bow bowed strings .
Long a multi- string Aijie Ke , the main chord tone is set c1, 8条resonating chord tone is set g, c1, d1, e1, g1, a1, b1, d2, range from C1 ~ C3, a total of two octaves .
Multi Lang on piano erxian艾捷克There are two main playing strings, mostly horsetail strings , and some also used metal casing string or strings, they are separated by four degrees and pitch , the piano bar in the middle of both sides , each with five steel resonance strings . Placed on the knee while playing the piano , playing with the pony tail bow string in the main external pull -outs, other chords played resonance effect.
Multi Lang sanxian Aijie Ke , twenties of this century Uygur folk artists on the basis of the two- plus chord chord艾捷克made , it uses horsetail string , casing string or metal strings , it is widely Xinjiang popular , three main chord playing a fixed relationship by four degrees d1, g1, c2, 10条steel string resonance sound is given c, d, e, g, a, c1, d1, e1, g1, a1, range from d1 ~ d3, two octaves.
多兰艾捷克
多兰艾捷克, also known as knife Langaijieke . Popular in Bachu , Markit , Awati , Yarkand and other places Uygur . Qin length 88 cm , the shape of Banhu . Angustifolia wooden dome speakers, face Mongolian sheepskin or animal skin . Main playing strings of a string or three strands of horsetail metal strings , located next 6 to 10 metal strings resonate to increase the volume. When playing the speaker sandwiched between his knees , his left hand supporting the piano Anxian , right hand holding the bow bowed ponytail . Smaller volume .多兰艾捷克Dolan band is the only stringed instrument , often with hot wap , Caron , da folk dance together for the race are Tim Dolan accompaniment .
Hami Aijie Ke
Method
Hami Aijie Ke , also known as Hami violin . Popular in Xinjiang Hami , Turpan and other places Uygur . Because of similar shape and violin known as ” Hamilton violin .” Qintong wooden and sheet iron rolled two kinds. Mongolian goat population in the front , leather or python , piano bar ends with two pegs , tied with two outs steel main strings, piano bar at the Ministry also set chord buttons , tied 4 , 5, 7 or 8 steel resonance strings . Resonate chord piano bar in the middle of the shaft . Act like playing in HU .
Five degrees Relations
Hami Aijie Ke ‘s tune a stringed instrument vary , but the main playing strings are given to five degrees relationships. In the Turpan area , the main playing strings and pitch as g, d1, 4条resonating chord of g, c1, d1, g1, range from the g ~ d2; in Hami region , the main playing strings and pitch as d1, a1, 8条resonance fixed strings into g, ga, a, C’1, C1, d1, d1, the range d1 ~ a2.
Posture
While playing the qin tube placed on the left leg , left hand holding a harp, with the first joint of the finger touching the strings , the right hand bow ponytail pull -outs sandwiched between the main playing strings. Rich playing skills , bowing there Longbow , even bow, short bow and bow and other Dayton , fingering have Anxian , press the strings , playing sounds , shake voiceless sound , etc., generally do not change the position . Similar tone and violin , beautiful sounds , is playing ” Hami Muqam ” the main accompaniment instrument .
Reform after Hami Aijie Ke seventies , style is very unique. Both with the new Aijie Ke approximation, but also retains the resonance strings. Is equipped with two piano bar on a resonance box . Master piano bar has four main playing strings, tuned in and play with the new Aijie Ke same method . Vice piano wire rod has a number of strings to resonate . This Aijie Ke , the larger the volume , tone and bright, full of rich local characteristics, have been used for solo, dance or folk instrumental ensemble accompaniment .
塔吉克艾捷克
Method
塔吉克艾捷克, spread in southwestern Xinjiang Tajik Autonomous County and its surrounding areas taxkorgan . Unique shape and style piano bar is cylindrical, 56 cm long , made of willow or pine . Slightly pointed headstock , SRE 2 to 4 pegs . Resonance box for flat rectangular, aluminum, iron making, on the right there is an open oval sound hole , piano bar mounted on the inside of the resonance box . The bridge is made with walnuts water or ancient arched . Using 2 to 4 steel strings . Bow with willow or poplar production ends charged with ponytail, pull the strings playing outside .
Four degrees Relations
塔吉克艾捷克four degrees more to the relationship tune a stringed instrument , two strings and pitch as a, d1. Banjo is set at e, a, d, four string given as c, e, a, d1, commonly used in the accompaniment of folk songs and dances and instrumental ensemble, is the only Tajik folk stringed instrument .
The new Aijie Ke
Method
The new Aijie Ke , also known as Hal Zach . 1950s made on the basis of multi- Lang sanxian艾捷克on . Retained the original多朗艾捷克the body , increasing the resonance box , remove the film changed Mongolian panel , eliminating the resonance strings, using four violin strings. Let rotating herringbone bottom bracket . Piano cabinet is spherical , with walnut shell halves screwed into the synthesis between the two half-shells in the film as a mask to the python , the device can within the film perpendicular to the panel , the panel can also be parallel . Mulberry wood panels produced using pear piano bar , walnut tailpiece . String of horses legs of different lengths, short legs supported on the panel , then the long-legged through the inner panel and the top coating . In the tail end of the piano down box at the bottom , there is a crescent-shaped piano seat safety .
Posture
When playing the piano seat placed on the left leg , you can freely adjust the angle of the piano , left hand holding a piano bar , with the fingertips touch the strings , the right hand to pull the bow string playing outside . Conducted by strings vibrating strings horse dry panels and endothelial membrane , causing a strong resonance and pronunciation , tone clear and bright . Tuned in g, d1, a1, e2, range from the g ~ g3, there are three octaves .
The new Aijie Ke , absorbed chord fingering erhu and violin , playing skills are very rich , the left hand can play a variety of glissandi , harmonics , chords and various ornaments ; hand can be a variety of violin bowing . Has become a major pull strings Uygur , commonly used in solo, “Twelve Muqam ” and ” If Jimmy Xi Pu ” as well as folk instrumental ensemble accompaniment . More famous solo with the same name based on the Kuqa folk adaptation of ” Guliele Khan ” and the Twelve Muqam music room ” Maqam Pradesh Duo Intermezzo “, ” Aoxia Ke Maqam first Dastain played the song ” and so on. Professional Performance for solo and ensemble.
1960s reappeared bass reform Aijie Ke . Grand piano body , base length , is tuned and played the same method and the cello .
Bass Aijie Ke
Bass Aijie Ke , the successful development of the fifties . Piano body is large, spherical resonance box of wood glued together with 32 , and in the middle of the piano box lined Ann Liang , Mongolia within film . Using cello strings, set tone for the G, d, a, e1, pitch one octave lower than the new艾捷克. Range of G ~ g2, three octaves. Playing cello posture and methods are the same as in the Xinjiang ethnic band bass stringed instrument used.
