Guqin, China’s oldest stringed instrument, one of the century became known as “guqin.” Piano creators of “Xi Fuxi piano”, “Shennong for piano”, “Shun as Wu Xian Qin to Song southerly” and said that as a postscript legend, may not have to believe everything, but it can be seen at the piano China has a long history.
In the pre-Qin era, the piano has been very popular, such as “The Book”: “stroke pat harps to chant”; “Book of Songs”: “Harmonious in Imperial, everyone still good.” According to the existing images and literature, piano later than In the Han Dynasty have been largely finalized common shape for future generations. Qin Chuan Tang deposit made since the Ming and Qing made with piano, only the difference between plastic art style and tone the pursuit of distinction.
As early as the time of Confucius, the piano has become a compulsory civilian instruments, piano and thousands of years is closely related to the author’s life, Confucius, Yong, Ji Kang, Su Shi to play the piano so well known. Holy elegant piano music, magnanimous free and natural, the ancients used it to express their emotions and sustenance ideals. Piano music far beyond the meaning of Chinese culture and a symbol of ideal personality.
From the Tang Dynasty, the guqin has its own special notation, this notation recorded chord bits and emblem bit, right-hand man playing method, but does not directly record pitch. It consists of the radical characters, numbers and some less pen words put together, called by word spectrum. Less words carefully spectrum recorded guqin music degree and scientific nature, such as the modern stave notation method still can not replace it. Spectral records with less words since ancient heritage has over one hundred and fifty kinds of tablature, save a lot of ancient music, is China’s huge and precious musical treasure.
Guqin playing method, notation, piano history, piano law, aesthetics, etc. has already formed an independent complete system, known as the “piano school.” Deep breadth of its content, is the representative of Chinese traditional music, but also reflects the Chinese philosophy, history, literature mirror. In traditional Chinese culture reflects the ability, no one instrument can be compared with the guqin.
Guqin structure
Guqin is a prolate shape the overall sound, about 130 cm, width 20 cm, thickness 5 cm. Panel, also known as piano surface, is a long-shaped wood, arched surface, the first end of the piano string holes opened wear, piano tail is oval in entries at the waist was square lined with crescent-shaped or concave fold person. Floor, also known as Qin bottom panel of the same shape, but not as arched piece of wood in the lower half of the abdominal cavity dug piano. Floor open two sound hole, called longchi, phoenix marsh, located at the edge of the waist, nearly two foot hole, two feet on the safety and blessed enough. Surface, synthetic rubber floor piano, the piano first sticky tongue inside wood, composition and piano belly separated by space, called the tongue points. Let the back panel sound beam, also known as the real items. There are two frets piano belly, called Tianzhu and ground column. Pegs, also known as Qin Zhen, mostly round or melon prismatic hollow (strung with), strings tied by the velvet rope tied around on the piano Zhen. Strings wrapped with a silk string. Taiyuanshan embedded in the panel header, also opened a stringing holes. There are four legs on the floor piano, piano first two called mallard palm, called coke piano under the tail end of two stickers, pad level since the role of the piano. Panel embedded with thirteen crafted jade inlaid with mother or emblem to mark phoneme.
Qin usually about three feet six inches five (about 120-125 centimeters), a symbol of 365 days a year (some say like Zhou 365 degrees). Average width of six inches (20 centimeters). Average thickness of about two inches (6 centimeters). Piano was first made by phoenix stature, and its corresponding body and Fung body (it can be said with the appropriate person), has a head, a neck, a shoulder, a waist, a tail, a foot.
“Headstock” upper known places. To lower the amount inlaid hardwood frame strings, called “Taiyuanshan”, also known as “temporary Yue” is the highest part of the piano. The size of the bottom two tone piano groove, located in the central larger called “dragon pool”, located in a small tail called a “phoenix marsh.” Called on the mountain Ze, a phoenix and dragons, a symbol of heaven and earth in Vientiane. Side by side Taiyuanshan amount of hardwood inlaid with a strip, known as the “Order of the dew.” There are seven “string eye” to wear line strings. Its next seven to tune the strings “Qin Zhen.” Headstock side end, and “water hyacinth” and “Care Zhen.” From below the waist, known as the “piano tail.” Qin Mei shallow grooves carved inlaid hardwood “Dragon gingival” to stand strings. Long gingival sides edging called “crown angle”, also known as “coke tail.”
Seven strings from the Order of the exposed portion, the Taiyuanshan, Long gingival, steering piano bottom pair of “goose foot”, a symbol of Seven. Piano surface of a thirteen “Qin Hui” symbolic twelve months a year and a leap month.
Qin womb, and there are two dark head slot a “tongue hole,” a “sound pool”, a “satisfied tone” tail generally have a dark trough, called “rhyme marsh.” And longchi, phoenix marsh corresponds office, often have a “satisfied tone.” Longchi satisfied tone by the head side of the “Tianzhu” on one side by the end of “ground pillar.” When the sound of the “sound like a rather narrow, lingering, there are lingering.” Since the piano is not “goods” (column) or “completely different”, a very flexible and easy to play, but also has an effective particularly long strings, strings large amplitude, lingering aftertaste without a break, etc., so have its own unique sound go hand .
On the structure and tone of the piano part of the structure is very reasonable. Its volume sort, both easy to carry, and Founder and elegant. Determined goods piano, its shape has been enough to make Anna.
From the naming of the various parts of the piano with the piano can be made of the influence of Confucianism.
After narrowly wide before the piano, a symbol of inferiority or superiority of the other. Palace, the business angle, Zheng, Yu five chord symbol Jun, Chen, China, and things five kinds of social hierarchy. Later added a sixth, seven strings called Wen, Wu erxian symbolic monarch Horn. Twelve emblem to symbolize December, the emblem represents the largest door monarch symbolizes a leap month. Guqin has overtones, three kinds of sound by sound casual tone, were a symbol of heaven, earth and man’s harmony. These Guqin named symbolic shape reflects the Confucian ritual real thought and Chinese people attach importance to the harmony of. Because ritual role is to protect the individual, the individual has to play with the same music and its role is with a coherent group. The concomitant use of ritual allows individuals and groups can mutually swap, formed between people calm and reasonable living. Therefore, these two sets of ritual art surface opposite to the implementation, in order to achieve real harmony of complementary purposes. The naming shapes borrowed from the guqin social order, the name of the class, showing that its production shape human relations enlightenment apartment has profound meaning.
