Tibetan Glockenspiel
Glockenspiel Tibetan stringed instrument , similar shapes and erhu , popular in Lhasa , Shigatse , Gyantse and the majority of towns and villages in Tibet , Tibetans used for the accompaniment of classical dance ” sac Mary” and folk dance “heap Xie ” , now used for Tibetan accompaniment.
Glockenspiel , also known as “too piano “, ” zither ” or ” iron Hu .” Tibetan stringed instrument . Popular in Lhasa , Shigatse , Gyantse and the majority of towns and villages in Tibet .
Glockenspiel of similar shape and Han erhu , a total length of 75 cm . Qintong wooden cylindrical , former Mongolian mouth to python or snakeskin , the port is open . Qin bamboo rod , rod end set with two axes. Wooden pegs , top spin axis into a round ball . String two . Opened a piano bar in the upper oblong holes, strings tied to the string through the hole axis . Leather central branch have the bridge , fitted below Qintong Cento . Same with the erhu bow bow , Glockenspiel is made of imitation Han erhu , bamboo piano bar in addition , the device orientation pegs with erhu is different, pegs and Qintong not parallel, from vertical angle.
Glockenspiel tune a stringed instrument relationship by five degrees , mostly as d ‘, a’, played with a bow ponytail . Mellow tone . “Iron ” is the Tibetan “slow ” means, suitable for playing soothing tunes. Used for the accompaniment of classical Tibetan song and dance ” sac Mary” and folk dance “heap Xie ” , now used for accompaniment Tibetan .
Tibetan roots Card
Historical roots Card
Root card Tibetan ancient folk stringed instrument . The earliest used only classical court music and dance accompaniment sac Mary , after years of unpopular verge lost, the 1950s is being revived . Sound soft , clear , rich flavor of the plateau has been used solo, trio, or folk dance ensemble accompaniment .
Root Card: Tibetan ancient folk stringed instrument . Sound soft , clear , rich flavor of the plateau has been used solo, trio, or folk dance ensemble accompaniment .
According to legend, the Fifth Dalai period ( 1642-1682 ) , the root of the card from the Ladakh region spread to Lhasa , was the top rulers themselves, in order to play music for a few pleasure palace , Tibetan classical dance sac Mary , is developed on the basis of court music , initially only with a wooden Nie Sapporo accompaniment to the sixth Dalai late early 18th century, before the root card accompaniment roots in the Dalai Lama’s palace with two hundred years the band has been .
Early 20th century , since the late 13 th Dalai because sac leaving the root card on the brink of recession Mary lost position. After the peaceful liberation of Tibet , the root card before they get revival .
Tibetan jinghu must Wang
Possession jinghu : Tibetan ” Wang Bin ,” ” will Wang .” Tibetan stringed instrument . Popular part of the Tibetan-inhabited areas of Tibet Autonomous Region , Sichuan and Yunnan , Qinghai, Gansu and other places .
Tibet and Tibetan Jinghu mainly for dance drama ( in Tibetan called heap Ga ) accompaniment. Reba artists in the show, played by a male artist side edge dance. Harp dance in Kham region , which is also the main musical instrument .
Required Wang , Ming Tibetan bow string instruments . Tibetan dialect different result will be known as Yong , will be the central Pakistani Wang , A miscellaneous day , then you , Barzani and so on. Han said the harp , horn or violin Hu . Relatively long history , and Han Erhu is basically the same shape , pronunciation and bright , beautiful tone , and is commonly used in the solo dance , drama , rap accompaniment. Popular in Tibet, Sichuan , Yunnan, Qinghai and Gansu provinces. Especially in Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan Provinces junction of Batang , Markham and Deqin area most prevalent .
In ancient Tibet , will string Ming Wang is the general term for the instrument , it also includes playing stringed instruments, including playing the violin as early as stringed instruments . Yuan Tibetan scholar Sakya Pandita Kunga Gyaltsen · “music theory” has been set it is necessary Wang , built in AD 1037 Sakya Monastery of Tibetan Sakya County murals , has its image . In Tibetan historical ” five teachings ” ( as in the 13th century ) and ” Wang Tong descent Reflection for ” ( as in the 14th century “, the former chronicles the 7th century – 9th century , Tibet has been a necessary Wang , who . account of Princess Wencheng to Tibet after Wang poetry must have played , are playing stringed lute described above to the modern times, it will be necessary to pull a stringed instrument designed as Wang , said Rob Tibetan folk artists Reba accounted heap that: they use will Wang , from the Han Chinese mainland regions , and it ‘s way incoming unknown.
Structure with Han erhu, composed of Qintong , piano bar , pegs , jin , the bridge , strings and bows and other parts. No fixed shape specifications, and more generally for folk artists made their own use , length of 55 centimeters to 68 centimeters. Qintong cylindrical with horns , wood or bamboo three. Horns Qintong is the earliest form must Wang , the use of coarse wild horn production, and the best horny female bison will root angle , corner tip cut off , with the root portion of the center- made barrel rear slightly upward bend , due to wild horns difficult to find , and eventually replaced the wooden Qintong . Qintong often used walnut wood , birch, fir or pine production, with some logs, which will be emptied Serve , tube length 13 cm to 17 cm, diameter 10 cm to 13 former cm, diameter 9.5 cm – 11 cm . After many years using natural bamboo Qintong old dried bamboo made , few in number . Qin tube is inserted down the piano bar out of the square hole , the first multi- barrel mouth with wild Mongolian sheepskin to face in recent years, there are a few who Mongolia in python , barrel rear exposure. Piano bar to the top of the circle under the columnar body to use more texture than hard wood, produced by local Tibetan common rhododendron wood, beech wood or poplar and other production, pegs and more parts were square column , top for the headstock , multi- tower or spherical sculpture prescription , piano bar on the right tap two wooden pegs . Axis head is conical , the top multi- axis prismatic , cylindrical or screwed into irregular spherical . Piano bar , the lower cylindrical, tied with stringed on extremely heavy , piano bar inserted into the lower Qintong square hole. Qintong leather center set with wooden piano horse. Zhang two strings, traditional multi- string black ponytail , Sichuan Batang places for outboard dark horse tail , white horse is the chord ; recent years have begun to use stringed or steel strings . Bows with bamboo or tree twigs for the assassination of Pakistani bow rod , bent over arcuate or semicircular ends of lines in black ponytail hair bow , bow length 34 cm to 57 cm in length were due to play another. Wang ‘s appearance will be decorated with the most beautiful area of Sichuan Batang , generally in the headdress with colorful carved piano , piano bar and Qintong painted bright ethnic patterns .
While playing , can be sitting or standing position . Sitting and playing the same erhu, legs apart or stand on his left leg right leg , will be placed in the left thigh Qintong bend , in front of the headstock is slightly biased , Anxian piano left hand , the right hand horsetail bow string pulled between two played . When standing playing with a belt or tie clip shall be fixed on the left side of the waist Qintong . Wang will tune a stringed instrument relationship by five degrees , often tuned in c1, g1 , or a, e1, range a-g2, nearly two octaves . Pronunciation bright , beautiful tone. Due to the short bow , a bow -outs more than one shot , so the more frequent for the bow , the long melodic sound , then the crossover to play continuously . You can solo or dance , drama , rap accompaniment , mainly used in folk dance and Reba harp harp . Tibetans usually solo harp music at home, often to myself and others , both men and women play . ? Harp in folk songs and dances ( Tibetan called harmonic or page ) , and Wang is very important and must be unique musical accompaniment , all singing and dancing by a circle , one person from the man playing harp former lead dancer , while he was dancing accompaniment, while doing foot , turned , skirting and other dance moves, along with the rest of the music rhythm light and lively , intense dance rhythms , while the song while dancing , sometimes gather to circle , sometimes spread out , hands swinging sleeve , graceful movements , rich in melody , lyrics and more for the labor , love, religion and nature photography tribute . Reba harp ( in Tibetan called Reba harmonic ) in by Reba male artist played Caoqin side edge dance , movement to a lesser extent , female artists are swinging sleeves with music , dancing. Reba is an inspiration to the bell mainly include harp , pan Zhuang, tap , such as rap, dance and acrobatics comprehensive performing art forms , according to legend, a wandering monk in the 11th century Mira Reba first. So this performance artists will engage in is called Reba . Wang will also be used Tibetan and folk , ” declared Ken ” accompaniment.
Wang will be more famous songs include: ” Ah Ma and eat it ” , “clothing school in Romania ,” ” benzilan harp tune eight ” and so on .
Tibetan suona
Tibetan suona, Tibetan ” Peggy order” , the approximate shape and suona , a double reed Tibetans common vertical blowing instruments. Pronunciation deep, deep timbre . In the past only to play religious music , is also used for instrumental ensemble or dance accompaniment. Popular in the Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and other provinces Tibetan inhabited areas.
Tibetan suona wooden shaft , cylindrical push -shaped, above opened eight ( after the first 7 1 ) sound hole , between the sound hole with metal ring ornaments . Shaft with the top brass dip sub , sub invasion had gas on the sets of cards and whistle suona , the lower end of the shaft with copper Ann suona bowl. Suona whistle made of reeds , catchy double reed is flat reed , under the mouth is round seat post , set in the invasion of the child . Gas licensing round for the two thin steel , the upper and lower sets of the child on the invasion , sandwiching a cone-shaped ornament, when playing poorly is to hold the lips , the films were used to compress the shaft .
Although the Tibetan suona and suona Han areas like construction , but the shaft and bowl are coarse suona , a total length of 60 cm . Quintana decorative fine , foreign appearance. In the bowl carved or inlaid copper suona symmetrical circular patterns and floral ornamentation , and a tethered ribbon of copper rings . Suona is like a whole exquisite handicrafts , have appreciation and collection value .
Handle drums
Handle the drum is one of the major monasteries of Tibetan religious musical instruments , and cymbals and other instruments of cooperation with the monastery , according to the accompaniment used in various religious activities and rituals of God Cham dance . Tibetan handle drums and cymbals are also the only two musical accompaniment . Handle both sides of the drum skin , can sit down and stand two forms of play . When seated percussion, drums placed the long handle on the ground , his left hand supporting the handle , right hand hammering drum beat arch operation . Handle the drum is one of the oldest musical instruments in Tibet . Early indigenous religion of Tibet Bon aids , and now the big monasteries and folk drum handle handle Evolution from an early age .
Python barrel
Ritual wind instruments , Tibetan called hot A frozen . Shape some small, more than three meters long , shorter than one meter . Consisting of three , from top to bottom from small to large , the bottom has a bell . Top mouthpiece, trombone mouthpiece shaped like . Wooden or copper tube body , many decorative ring . No sound hole , to send pitch , octave , 5 octave . Volume loud , stuffy and dirty, low .
Admire
Copper Chin is one of the unique Tibetan Buddhism Buddha brass instruments , mainly for grand celebrations or convene see subjects . According to Tibetan historical records and some early paintings , copper Chin early as the tenth century ago in Tibet . Chin copper were used copper , copper, brass and silver production. Copper status , in the next three sections , the top two energy-saving in the thickest section below , when playing stretched on a wooden frame when playing in a fixed copper occasions relied on travel or temporary occasion to carry on playing one shoulder on . Copper Chin generally about 3 meters long , the largest up to five meters above him deep and dignified tone , as if with a certain invincible momentum in Tibet brass in the shape largest volume max.
Ga system
( Conch ) : India’s seventh century with the introduction of Buddhism to Tibet, its decorative portion formed in Tibet , only to blow a pass Ga tone , Tibetan monasteries in various denominations widely used teaching aids or instruments. According to historical records , ancient Tibetan conch number in the army when the bugle playing . According to Buddhist scriptures say , conch represents the sound of the voice when saying the Buddha , the Dharma conch trumpet sound symbolism , the macro and penetration . Conch number in Buddhist monasteries greet ceremonial , law and ritual activities will be used. Usually set in gold-plated brass number on conch or silver , inlaid winged called triton .
Rao and cymbals
Rao and cymbals are two instruments , the basic shape is similar , are two middle bulge of copper, with hit sound. The difference lies in the middle of the raised portion is greater than the cymbals Rao , copper thicker and Rao , sounds great , loud. The Rao ‘s voice Cui Xiang, the volume is less than the cymbals . Rao and cymbals are the main monasteries in Tibet religious musical instruments, and drums, a bell , copper Chin , Gang Lin and other instruments used in conjunction. In the temple , usually divided into positive and vice sound, such as male and female voices , cymbals used in religious temples in more according to Rao and cymbal sounds. According to Tibetan historical records, Rao and cymbals are instruments of Buddhism spread to Tibet Road , the band played in the long religious practice, playing cymbals got a lot of development , the formation of a lot of special playing techniques , the band played in the temple plays first to an important role.
Okabayashi
Flute Okabayashi ( tibia No. ) Okabayashi means employing leg tibia made . Okabayashi Tibetan Tantric Buddhism is one instrument , with the Indian Tantric Buddhism in the eighth century AD it spread to Tibet . Take died early virgin beech forest tibia for the number, since some monasteries in Tibet also still use the lower leg made of beech forest , but is now used by many of the temple is made of metal number. Okabayashi mainly used in Buddhist Tantric rituals , God Cham dance and “must ” in teaching practice . Beginning to play an important role in the .
Dorje foot cloth
Dorje foot cloth ( vajra bell ) Tantric Buddhism music, Dorje foot cloth consists of two parts , the upper half is the Vajra , the lower half is a bell , representing wisdom and convenient. Dorje foot cloth sounds sweet, mainly used in Buddhist Tantric practice , public repair and barrels through other activities . Dorje foot cloth and playing even as Mary , played together with beech forest , etc. , used in “Jedi ” ( off -line method ) of practice activities.
Nie wooden bar
Also known as the bar was . Tibetans playing stringed instruments . Let its six strings , so called guitar . Popular in the Tibet Autonomous Region , Sichuan, Yunnan , Qinghai, Gansu and other places. According to Tibetan history ” red history ” set, wooden bar imported from China during the Tang Dynasty Nie .
Mahogany , walnut or sandalwood system , length 108 cm . Speakers for the semi- gourd -shaped, 29 cm long , the upper smaller prismatic form , the lower the larger oval, Monsanto zhangzi sheepskin or leather . Piano bar slender, fretless fingerboard . Semi-circular curved back headstock , six-axis points out the sides , top or no ornaments carved into the faucet .
ZHANG six stringed , two strings of a group , four- , five of tuning up a, d1, g. Reform of the sixties made big speakers , Mongolian python Nie three wooden bar . Treble wooden bar Nie , length 103 , Speaker length 27 cm ; alto wooden bar Nie , length 111 , Speaker length 27 cm ; bass wooden bar Nie , length 126 , length 48 cm speakers .
When playing the piano destroyed in the shoulder, according to the string piano left hand , the right hand horn plectrum playing . Often sit on the grounds of bombs or dance while playing .
Commonly used in dance and playing and singing accompaniment , but also for instrumental ensemble or solo. Mostly solo dance accompaniment tracks , the ” grandmother Le Fire”, ” Dawa male slaves” and “Yeah several long wooden ” and so on .
That amount
That amount , also known as Reba drums. Tibetan , Monba Chui Ming hit film musical . Han said the Tibetan tambourine . Popular in Chamdo , Nagqu, Nyingchi , Yushu in Qinghai , Gansu Gannan , Ganzi , Sichuan and Yunnan Diqing and other Tibetan areas . ?
Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Weixi County , civil circulating this legend: Long ago, the gods of heaven to give the building a Buddha Potala Palace, the devil has sent a demon who came to destroy , but also poisoned craftsmen . Regulate the construction of the palace Buddha invited Buddhist monks proficient to punish the devil , monks handsome young men and women looking beautiful , the most beautiful church they dance , they dance on the lawn in front of the construction site and attract thousands people follow the jump , the devil got into dance Xingyaozuoguai pretend Tibetans , monks from the cuff with a total flying blades inside the devil to kill and skin to stretch with the magic that amount , with curved ribs made drum whip . Monks teach dance , originally for trapping the devil , dancing and holding hands female dancer for the drum flog devil ribs , people put this dance called ” rib Pakistani Dance” , and later on referred to as “hot bar dance ” , while the amount of the Tibetan people is also widely spread so far. ?
Frame drum circles, lines with a veneer slats made of boiled bend , two Mongolian with goatskin , nailing metal drum coating . Drumhead diameter of 25 cm to 30 cm , the smallest 20 cm , frame drum 5 cm to 7 cm thick , leather and around the central area of ethnic patterns painted with colorful decorations , some still in the upper frame drum with a red silk Department or colored pompon for decoration . Connecting the lower end of a frame drum with a cylindrical drum made of pine wood handle , handle length 20 cm to 30 cm , handle coated with reddish brown paint drum . Drum with a thin rattan whip made of bow -shaped baking , whip the head wrap with cloth or leather , whip handle wooden , hand carved parts of a faucet ( Figure ) . That amount more for self -occupied, making more rough , decoration is also relatively simple . ?
When playing, left hand holding the drum handle, right hand holding the drum whip strike outs, because different parts of the drum Chui placement , sound also has a larger change . Originally Tibetan religious instruments now used Cham temple Lama , Tibetan inspired passages and ” Reba Dance” and other folk dance accompaniment. When Reba performers , male artist holding a plate bell , holding that the amount of female artists , while playing while dancing , drums ever-changing , beautiful sounding music , dance, skilled, beautiful and moving dance . That amount is both a musical accompaniment , and dance props. ?
Menba that amount , with a bamboo frame drum making, wild Mongolian sheepskin drumhead side , the other side of Jiashan Mongolian sheepskin . Drum body painting, frame both sides of the drum is decorated with carved dragon . Except for religious activities , but also for the Mamba play accompaniment.
