Drum, the Vatican names dundubhi, instrument name. A percussion instrument, but also as a drum. That is, in a hollow wooden cylinder skins for musical hit.
1 Basic information
The largest drum orchestra, nearly one meter in diameter. Consists of a wooden frame covered with leather. When playing usually placed vertically, although there may be one or both sides eardrum, but actually uses only one side. Consists of a single drumstick percussion drum, known as big drumstick, can be used on both sides of the head, his head wrapped in wool or blanket. Typically percussion, drums drumming is the center of the membrane between the sides, the center is only for a short while drumming quick strike outs (staccato) and special effects. Although modern drum has been widely used in the orchestra, but initially it’s just percussion and other Turkish military band together into Europe in the late 18th century, the mid-19th century is generally only used to simulate the acoustics of a military band.
2 drum Profile
Drum (Sanskrit name dundubhi) instrument name. A percussion instrument, but also as a drum. That is, in a hollow wooden cylinder skins for musical hit. Was used for public purposes set beat in ancient Buddhism.
In “There are too Gad Department Head” Juanba said: “Six declared the capital 诸苾 so salty note to set both the public and more people, then lost when the Buddha: Juveniles should play despite playing bullock bullock juveniles, the public. Buddha does not smell trouble: drum should be hit. ”
In addition, the drum can also be used as a warning purposes. In the “Buddhist” drum roll twelve will be used in the ceremony, dance music and battle array. The Tang Dynasty, the widespread use of Buddhist temple drums. “Edict Baizhang” the second volume, the “Dharma Drum”, “tea drums”, “vegetarian drums”, “become rich”, “bath Drum” and many other. Among them, the law is the abbot of the temple drum, small parameter, S & P said the strike when the burglary. When the Church hit three, when the small parameter hit a pass, when S & P said the strike five, when the burglary hit three times, all when slow blow. Tea drums are offered tea in the ancestral bogey, hit a long pass, the main by the Secretary of paternity. Before Lent drums suspended libraries Secretary vegetarian tee time on strike. Become rich by libraries Secretary Lord, sooner or later hit level three, along with the rest of the strike more times. Bath when the drum is hit four-bath, bath by the knowledge of the Lord.
3 musical structure
Drum by the drum body, drumhead, drum circle, drums and drums whip cards and other components.
Drum material, drum body: the initial gold (metal), jade, wood, stone and various other products. Until modern times, is more have switched to wood and cow, horse, pig and other manufacturing. Made of metal called “gong drum”, made with stone called “Shek Kwu,” made of animal skins called “percussion section.” Drums and Drum Circle Card: made of aluminum alloy and more. Drums flog: short and thick wood hammer, one end of the package to Browne, fabric or velvet carpet, spherical.
Modern drum used in Buddhist temples, which are mostly short barrel-shaped, mostly hanging in a large drum tower, or in the eaves under the Main Hall. Medium and small drums, then with bell, stand on the drum stand to read Bisan chant purposes. Tambourine is at knocking off sticking with a bit of travel.
Musical instruments belonging to the double bass drum-ming mask, no fixed pitch, but can be controlled changes in the strength pronunciation. Chui percussion with drums pronunciation, forced to change with the performance of different music mood. It sounds muffled loud, majestic and powerful when used appropriately imitate thunder and guns.
Modern large muster from ancient Turkey, also known as army drum, introduced to Europe during the Middle Ages. A marching band, orchestra and symphony orchestra of the most important percussion, almost no solos, but the band set off to participate in ensemble or musical accompaniment and sound, but the status of the drum is very important, it is not only the band’s bass part to enrich , plump, and bring a momentum for the entire band, adding vitality.
4 kinds of drum
Brief introduction
Drum is Tibetan, Zhuang, Yao, Miao, Dong, Yi, water, Tujia, Han and other ethnic musical instruments Ming Chui hit film. A Tibetan said amount. Zhuang said the kinds of labor. Hmong said ah duo. Dong language called work. Yi said the amount of plaid ugly woman. Popular in the country, especially in Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei and other provinces are most prevalent.
Throughout the ages, people of all nationalities drum has become a favorite of folk musical instruments. Popular due to different regions, the use of objects and shapes are different. Used for timekeeping, ritual, ceremonial palace, military, religious, instrumental music, dance, drama, weddings, festivals and folk entertainment and other occasions.
Ring morning drum
Drum, also known as the timekeeping morning drum ring, often placed in the tower above the city. Beijing Drum Tower on drums made in the Qing Dynasty, is designed for use as a public timekeeping, for the Beijing residents can hear the chime, drums done particularly large, drumhead diameter of 150 cm, has been called “Drum” said. Reported more hours every night, bells and drums upstairs bells and drums and gongs, drums muffled spread throughout the city. Until 1915 the widespread use of the watch, it just completed its historic mission to become for people to watch the artifacts. Temple of Heaven in Beijing, but also a collection of drum manufacturing side of the Qing Dynasty, drumhead diameter of 150 cm, 200 cm tall drum, is used only when the old Emperor of Heaven. Police said drum drum for alarm, said the board used to complain of the smell drums.
In the major Buddhist monasteries have been built after the gate bell tower when the Temple. Belfry in the West, corresponding to each other in the East, the Drum Tower. Drum overhanging the tower, often with the temple drum size depending on the size and grade, small diameter drumhead by 60 cm or more, the larger up to 150 cm or more. White Horse Temple in Henan drum, drumhead diameter of 128 cm, 130 cm tall drum, tap on a 120 cm tall gallows, drumming monks to stand on a ladder. Some monasteries on the gallows southwest side of the main hall also has a drum set. Temple drum, sooner or later Shangdian homework for monks, lunar moon, when 15 and Buddhist ritual practice things percussion festival, the evening also used as a timekeeping.
A Tibetan amount
A Tibetan amount, cylindrical. Popular in Tibet and other Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in each. Drum box with multiple pieces of wood put together, the external width of the hoop with a different number of turns flat iron, and secured by nails. Both ends of the Mongolian yak leather for the face, leather around the edges fixed with nails. Across different specifications. Sakya Monastery of Tibetan amount of A, also known locally wrong 阿钦布, drumhead diameter of 135 cm, length drum (drum box height) 150.5 cm, drum set on both sides of the body of each pair of drum loop, drum body painted crimson paint, drum hoop five laps flat iron painted green, horizontal drum placed in a special high 132 cm drum rack, put on by the big temple halls. Commonly used in chanting important event, held Cham performances during religious festivals, but also for the band ensemble.
Zhuang kind of labor
Zhuang kinds of labor, round mound. Popular in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, the vast rural areas. Frame drum with a cedar board to fight the system to Bamboo hoop tight circle. Drumhead drum diameter and are 60 cm high, with catchy Mongolian leather or python-sided, with the drums nails. Thicker waist drum, one pair on each side of the drum set ring. Exposure to the drum bottom pack. The drum set, a double whip strike outs, pronunciation loud. Commonly used in the percussion ensemble festival or lion dance, dragon dance accompaniment. ?
Yao drum
Yao drums, cylindrical. Popular Nandan, TianLin other places. Different shapes around. Nandan county lake area yaozhai drums, multi-camphor emptied the entire box for drums, catchy one-sided Mongolia to untreated leather with wool, bamboo nails, drumhead diameter of 60 cm to 70 cm, drums height 90 cm to 100 cm, the lower exposure. Tianlin Hirayama and other places of drums, drum frame with planks, both ends Mongolian cow, about 80 cm in diameter drumhead, drum height 100 cm to 120 centimeters. Yao is Yao Timbal drum orchestra and lead instrument. When the band played a central place, with a double whip percussion, voice loud. There are cross-legged strike outs law, bending strike, beat back, cross whip, etc., and alternately played drums heart attack, or a drum rim frame and so on. Played side by side hit dancing, playing the ever-changing law, beautiful and moving dance. Used for ethnic festivals, weddings and other ceremonial occasions.
Hmong ah Duo, Miao Han said percussion section, popular in Guangxi Napo, Nandan other places. Frame drum made with whole logs hollowed ends Mongolia to leather, bamboo nails, waist drum set drum loop. Around the size different. Napo’s drumhead diameter 60 cm, height 80 cm drum; Nandan County drumhead diameter of 50 cm, 100 cm tall drum. While playing, hands Executive Chui, hit the side edge dance. Often ensemble with drums, gongs, cymbals and other instruments, such as the funeral for the marriage occasion.
Dong workers
Dong workers, has a cylindrical shape. Popular in Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan and other provinces. Frame drum with a whole “Mei Xiang Snow” made of wood hollowed ends pack, waist thicker, drumhead diameter 50 cm, height 100 cm to 150 drums cm, both ends of the Mongolian leather, bamboo nail edges, drum opposite sides of the drum loop. Tether cross hanging in the Gulou Dong village. Chui hit with two outs, pronounced loud, deep, far heard for miles. Usually do, only in the grand festival, document and communicate their superiors before they strike outs mob of procedure.
Yi amount plaid ugly woman
Yi amount plaid ugly woman, cylindrical. Popular Lunan Yi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province, Luxi Maitreya and other places. Frame drum with a whole piles of wood or walnut hollowed made both ends of the Mongolian sheepskin, drumhead diameter 60 cm, height 95 cm drum. When playing into a rack, double whip strike outs, whip the head end of the package to flannel. Also in front of a person back drums, walking behind a man hit. Festive, festive occasions or go to the market for accompaniment folk dance “big sanxian Dance” (aka “jump on”).
Aquarium drum
Aquarium drums, cylindrical. Popular throughout Guizhou Province. Frame drum with a whole piles of wood, camphor or mulberry wood hollowed out into the middle of a little rough ends Mongolian leather. Drumhead diameter 45 cm, height 100 cm drum, drum rack placed to short wood hammer percussion. For June six, over end (Aqua New Year, August and September), after twisting (first month) and other traditional ethnic festivals, often with drums, and other instruments Lusheng ensemble, the crowd surrounded a drum dance.
Tujia drum
Tujia drum, also known as percussions, cylindrical, popular Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei, Hunan Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Flatten with a frame drum made of fir boards, both ends of the Mongolian leather, with two rows of fixed edge Gupi bamboo nails or screws. Drumhead diameter 44 cm, height 46.5 cm drum. Placed in the drum, the dual problem, percussion. Drums can also be tied to the pole, both before and after the lift drums, the middle one blow-outs, pronunciation rough loud, often with suona, gong, cymbals and other percussion or stringed instruments for percussion ensemble flowers. Celebration or festival is also used in folk lion dance, dragon dance accompaniment.
Li Zhou drum
Li Zhou formerly funeral drum drum drum filial piety, who were North of drums, popular in the North of the earth and the border areas of Hunan, Hubei, unknown origin. Zhuangzi drum legends from pots song. Lixian artists also spread the “Duke govern its management, governance poetry Confucius, Chuang treat the funeral drum beat,” saying, from the available information, at least there are more than 400 years of history.
