Thermal tile just that hot wap .
Hot wap , also known as thermal tile just , La Wabo , La Bab . Uighur , Uzbek playing stringed instruments . Popular in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region . According to legend, created in the 14th Century. Mullah Exelon wooden spit Lamujizi ” Musicians History ” records , hot wap originated in southern Morocco . Kashi hot wap folklore , length 130 cm .
Brief introduction
Hot wap , also known as La Wabo , La Bab . Uighur , Uzbek playing stringed instruments . Tajik Autonomous County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region taxkorgan popular , Yarkand , Zep , Yecheng and leather mountains and other places. ? According to legend, created in the 14th Century. Was included in the Qing court Huibu music . ” After the law Lvzheng Yi made” ( AD 1746 harvest book ) collection called La Bab . Mullah Exelon wooden spit Lamujizi ” Musicians History ” records , hot wap originated in southern Morocco .
As hot wap wooden piano , speakers hemispherical , with sheep , animal skin , horsehide or python trim. Slender neck , the top of the bend.
Thermal tile just can be divided into the southern heat tile just ( also known as Kashi thermal tile just ) and northern heat tile just ( Yuan Kan Muli thermal tile just ) . Southern thermal tile just a small piano , stringed fretboard is wrapped product , you can exchange and mobile -grade, sonorous timbre ; northern thermal tile just as a product of copper or animal bones , usually five strings , soft and crisp tone .
Kashi in southern Xinjiang area thermal tile just the piano , piano bar and the piano department head bones often beautiful and rich mosaic of ethnic patterns , both a solo instrument , but also a very delicate handicrafts, popular with tourists welcome.
Tajik people living in the “roof ” of the eastern Pamirs , long-term and Uygur, Kirgiz dealings with each other , not only closely linked economically , on the relationship between music culture also has relatives , and more hot Boop and Uighur Long hot wap , appearance is very similar except for the piano , the playing position and the same method is also more . Tajik People sing and dance to the eagle as a legendary hero image , both to mimic the action of the Eagle dance , but also with the eagle bone flute made of heat Boop is on the piano , but also has the eagle wing -shaped decoration.
Structures
Kashi hot wap folklore , length 130 cm . Speakers hemispherical , with a single piece of mulberry wood dug system , facial Mongolian sheepskin or animal skin . String slot headstock site showed a right angle bend backwards . Twenty-eight piano bar wrapped stringed taste. Piano bar with speakers on both sides of the connection , each with a corner . Piano bar , inlaid with camel bone , shells and other decorations on the speakers. Zhang played a chord and four to six main resonance strings are steel stringed . Main chord tune a stringed instrument played c1, four strings tuned in resonance e, A, d, g, six strings tuned in resonance # f. B, e, A, d, g , or B, e, E, A, d, g. Range of about two octaves .
Long shape with multiple hot wap , the resonance box , headstock , piano bar , pegs , the bridge and strings and other components (left ) . Quintana with a single piece of mulberry wood, apricot or pear wood production, specifications sizes. Full length piano used by 80 cm to 90 cm, more Long hot wap longer, have greater resonance box , scoop -shaped piano box in front of the Mongolian yak leather , pony skin or animal skin , surface diameter of 22 cm – 24 cm . Piano bar is shorter , about the piano body full-length 3/5, the narrow width of the front straight for the Anxian fretboard , no taste, stick back in an arc shape , piano bar hollow resonator under the interlinked in the lower part of the fretboard piano bar , and more than 30 circular drilled or cut out a small number of various floral sound hole . Piano chord groove in the head was bent back at right angles , which is provided with a T-shaped peg five ( third from left second from right ) , in the upper left side of the piano bar has a T -shaped treble pegs . Piano bar at the lower end of the resonance box connecting the right and left , with two symmetrical wings of the eagle -shaped wooden corners , and some were approximately trapezoidal wing -shaped or diamond-shaped decorative isosceles triangle , plays a protective resonance box , beautify the instrument , which is the common feature of all the hot wap , hot Boop series playing a stringed instrument . Headstock inlay phase at the piano bar with a wooden Yamaguchi ( also known as the horse ) , skin surface Longbridge shaped wooden home Qin Ma ( also known as the dismount ) , has tied the end of the piano strings . Zhang six strings, traditional multi- casing strings, stringed now .
Historical development
14th century , extensive domestic and international cultural exchanges , Uighur people in the original folk instrument on the absorption of foreign musical instruments , create a new musical instrument , Kashgar is hot wap Uighur people are hardworking , wisdom, has been in private not bad vibe . To the Qing Dynasty , was included in the court Huibu hot wap music ( ie Uighur music ), and in the name of La Bab , Bu speaker of history. A book in the year 1746 to clear ” after the law吕正义series” ( Volume IV fifteen ) ” Huibu music technology ” set: ” Secretary Hu dial one person, the name La Bab back .” Clear ” Dynasty ritual schema” with their figure . ” History of Qing Dynasty ” ( Volume I ) contains: . ” Horn Bu , five stringed , two steel strings , wooden handle through the slot , groove , such as a bottle , in order to take the first song Zaokong纳丝leather string to string together the five- , second from left , third from right , first on the right song to string together two axes steel strings . risk reversal means hand , or playing stringed wooden dial , steel strings should take sound . ” in the year 1854, Mullah Exelon wooden spit Lamujizi wrote ” musician history” ( ancient manuscripts Balakrishnan ) , the narrative of the ” Maqam ” seventeen artists prevalence of creation, according to the artist talk : hot wap originated in southern Morocco . 1930s , Shanghai Datong ethnic instrumental music societies will , had produced a reference to the historical data of our national musical instruments, including ancient musical instruments and ethnic minorities , among them La Bab two , and also made some reforms attempt , the original shape of the seven strings , there are five stringed , two steel strings , Club La Bab produced only a five stringed Zhang . Kashi hot wap spread so far , there have been several hundred years of history , and in the northern region has spread , it is in process , quality and performance aspects have been larger than the previous development .
If you say ” plucked Seoul ” is a very magic can play the instrument , then the ” hot tile just ” this instrument is the most popular musical instrument . Hot wap , also known as La Wabo , La Bab . Produced in the 14th century , has been 600 years of history. In Mullah Exelon wooden spit Lamujizi of ” musicians History ” records , hot wap originated in southern Morocco . It is not only Uighur favorite instrument , but also the Tajik and Uzbek minorities such as favorite stringed instrument .
4 existing data
Beijing China Art Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum with a traditional hot Boop from Tajik folk . Mulberry wood piano with a total length of 89 cm . Resonance box was a scoop -shaped front Mongolian yak leather , surface diameter of 24 cm . Headstock from string groove at right angles to the next bend , opposite sides of six T -shaped pegs ( three on each side ) . Piano bar is shorter, the narrow width , front straight, the back was circular , the Department of inlaid wood adhesive made by the two parts . Piano bar connecting both sides of the lower end of the piano box office, with two symmetrical wings of the eagle -shaped wooden corner , above the five pieces embedded “Kangxi reign ” coins for decoration . Yamaguchi wooden , bamboo -shaped piano Longbridge horse , piano strings tied bottom set nails . Zhang six stringed . This piano shape simple , straightforward process . Have been included in ” Chinese musical illustrations ” in large pictures .
Species
Many Uighurs thermal tile just kind into heat tile just Kashi , new heat tile just , and more just and shepherd Ranjeva heat tile just like. Kashi Kashi thermal tile just because popular area named after the sound it emits a soft , although the volume is small , but tactful and delicate tones . People bounce joyous festival favorite Xinjiang Tajik thermal tile just put hot tile just called “hot布卜” is a Tajik People playing stringed instruments most commonly used . Mainly spread in southwestern Xinjiang Tajik Autonomous County and neighboring taxkorgan Yarkand , Zep , Yecheng and leather mountains and other places. Thermal tile just a multi-use apricot wood , and Uighur multi Ranjeva just similar , length 70 cm , just slightly shorter than the thermal tiles , rough , piano box is large, oblate , mainly in cattle, horses or Lvpi masked . Stubbs while playing with apricot wood , pear , horn or chemical film playing music , playing the music sounds rich, melodic sound varied, so commonly used in the ensemble and solo. ( In addition, there is a Tajik designed for small children to play hot Bubu , called “hot Bubo Qiao .” )
Playing Methods
Kashi hot wap playing , sitting or standing can be, but the body should be upright , shoulders straight in . The piano across the chest , being placed in the right chest resonance box office, leather up, left and right corners close to the chest muscles. Piano left hand holding the tiger’s mouth prop rod , slightly elevated , slightly tilted outward piano face , his left index finger , middle finger, ring finger and little finger can be taken according to the string sound , raised his right wrist flush with the bridge , gripping piano box , with thumb and forefinger grip paddles, the square immediately plucked piano strings pronunciation . Paddles used 0.3 cm to 0.5 cm thick plate made of celluloid triangle , also used pieces of bone , horn or wood chip production . Kashi ‘s hot wap tune a stringed instrument , whether or seven- stringed banjo , and treble main playing strings ( outboard ) are tuned in c1, four strings tuned in resonance : e, A, d, g. Six strings tuned in resonance : # f, B, e, A, d, g , or B, e, E, A, d, g. Range three octaves . Pronunciation bright and soft , small volume , tone tactful and delicate, graceful lyricism . Playing skills with a single bomb , two bomb, bomb pick , roll -outs, Bouncing pick, sweep and sweep small roll of continuous pick bombs , outboard playing the main theme, used to play bass or string resonance and tone. Can be used solo, or as a folk song and dance ensemble instrumental accompaniment . There are more famous solo ” Pat Lam “, ” yaru ” , “Palace Tepa By “, ” Tashi Wa By “, ” My hot wap ” and “Summer Cartier that ” and so on. A I have to mention the famous virtuoso hot wap , then grams of meat trick , according to Brad Kurban · A tone up I mention I mention so on.
Solo music
Mostly solo piece ” Muqam ” or folk tunes , more famous songs have “Mango Lane “, ” Gro I li “, ” Lailegule ” and ” White Eagles ” and so on . Traditional music of ” Tashi Wa By ” , “Palace Tepa By “, ” Cartier summer that ” the creation of music there , ” my hot wap “, ” Tianshan spring “, “beautiful country ” and so on .
Manufacture
Uzbek thermal tile just from Central Asia, said that in the early 1950s , the Soviet Union pass入喀什, the popular southern imitation . Thermal tile just and Kashi hot tile just lookalike Uzbek , but the resonance box to be slightly larger, wide neck with five strings , all with steel strings , the strings played with two main sounds as d , 3 resonance given chord tone is d, a, a sound is inside and outside the octave , the middle of pure five degrees. When playing with the main chord -based, sometimes playing the sweep will resonate chord . This thermal tile just a larger volume , play the music sounds bright , rich, has a different beauty.
Thermal tile just like stringed instrument not only minorities , but also a refined pure handicrafts . Intelligent Uygur folk artists in the production process remains unchanged, only the thermal tile just a little smaller in size , made by Seiko color thermal tile just elegant , sophisticated , and also the normal pronunciation steel strings ( but not for playing , ) is home to watch , friends to share gifts and collectibles .
Classification
Shepherd hot wap , Uighur playing pizzicato sound instruments. By shepherds use the name. By deduction , also known as Qi hot wap , meaning Montagnards hot wap . Yecheng popular in southern Xinjiang and other places . Hot wap similar shape and Kashi . Sang wooden resonance box hemispherical , but smaller in size . Piano bar is also slightly shorter fingerboard with no taste. Zhang has three strings , using steel strings . Embouchure and Kashi hot wap same . Is tuned : g, a, d1. Shepherds often carry sing , and singing artists also used . It folk bands and cultural life of the people , is a common playing stringed instruments playing the piano across the chest , left hand supporting the piano bar , index finger , middle finger, ring finger Anxian , right hand gripping the wrist speakers, thumb , index finger to perform a triangle horns or plastic paddles play . Tips single bomb, bomb pick , roll -outs , playing pick pick, sweep a small roll and so on. For solo, ensemble , accompaniment. Traditional music of ” Tashi Wa By ” , “Palace Tepa By “, ” Cartier summer that ” the creation of music there , ” my hot wap “, ” Tianshan spring “, “beautiful country ” and so on .
Uzbek hot wap
Is Uzbek , Uighur playing pizzicato sound instruments. Also known as the new hot wap , wap hot reforms . Popular in Xinjiang over the country, especially in Urumqi , Kashi, Yining and other cities are most prevalent . Uzbek People sing and dance , and live in the Xinjiang city business, in the long history of the development process, due to the Uighur people live together , closely , not only more developed economies , but also has a high level of culture and art , folklore musical instruments Uygur also much the same . Kashi is also the first to use hot wap , but this musical resonance box small piano bar is longer, so the volume is small , the sound area is also low. It is said that around 1951 , Uighur instrumentalists , composers ust Mitsue ( 1932 – 1990 ) during the Ili Backstage work has toured the Soviet republics of Uzbekistan , Central Asia, the Uzbek back from a thermal tile Pu . Ust Mitsue worship folk artists as a teacher, good at playing hot wap , playing Istanbul, East Bula and Dabo and other instruments . The early 1950s , Urumqi, according to Burke embankment and Ust Mitsue and other musical instrument musicians , based on the Kashi hot wap , referring to the Soviet Uzbek hot wap shape, made of Uzbek hot wap , also called reform or new hot hot wap wap . Maintaining the structural characteristics of the shape Kashi hot wap , the piano produced by mulberry , apricot or walnut wood made , length 92 cm ( Figure ) . Hemispherical hollow resonance box , put together by the Department of multi-block wood,比喀什hot wap big piano box length 20.5 cm , positive Mongolia to python , surface diameter of 15.4 cm , compared to Kashi hot wap narrow , piano box 11.4 cm thick , Bi Kashi hot wap shallow . Piano bar short and wide, sticky plastic fretboard front , the back of the arc-shaped , above the fretboard inlay with 24 or 25 brass frets , on equal temperament . On both sides of the lower end of the piano bar at the contact resonance box , equipped with two symmetrical wings of the eagle -shaped wooden corners, so each one . Headstock angle with piano bar比喀什hot wap big , make it difficult to break the string . There headstock after the next bend ( located chord groove ) Peace plate ( no strings slots ), with the T -shaped design style violin pegs or four ( two on each side ) or five ( third from left right) . Longbridge shaped leather set wooden horse piano , piano chord bottom with wooden tie . Zhang has four or five strings , using steel strings .
In addition , there is a hot wap alto reform . Piano shape , material selection, production and playing methods are identical with the Uzbek hot wap , piano and full-length 100 cm , diameter 22 cm surface resonance box . Can be used for solo, ensemble or accompaniment, and supporting the use of Uzbek national hot wap band often . Beijing Chinese Art Institute of Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum Uzbek hot wap one . Mulberry wood , length 90.5 cm , put together by eight wooden resonance box hemispherical front Mongolia to python , wide 18 cm . In the string slot headstock parts bent backward , similar to sheep horn , violin style SRE red wooden pegs five ( left and right ), the piano bar before the flat back-arc , rosewood fingerboard on a stick , embedded with 24 a bone fret . In the piano bar connecting the lower end of the piano box office, located on each side of a symmetrical shaped wooden eagle wing corner . Bamboo Longbridge horse. Whole body bone inlaid decorative pattern black and white stripes . This instrument excellent choice of materials , meticulous workmanship, the quality can be described as the piano . June 29, 1959 , China’s Ministry of Light Industry Light Industry Bureau has just finished this musical instrument gift Institute .
When playing, regardless of sitting, the body should be upright , shoulders straight in . The piano tapped his chest , elbow resonance box on the right middle finger plate facing up. Left hand holding the tiger’s mouth prop piano bar , finger Anxian take sound right wrist flush with the bridge , the thumb and index finger chord sound bombs executive paddles . Paddles available piece of bone , horn pieces , made of celluloid plate or wood triangle , with 0.4 cm thick plate made of celluloid picks better. The Uzbek hot wap banjo tuning up into three groups , namely, the chord is a chord a tone , the outboard two strings homonyms. There are three commonly used method of tuning up , the first one is tuned in : d, a, a, d1, d1, inside , the relationship between the two strings of five degrees , the outer two strings of four degrees relations , internal and outboard eight degrees relationships. The second is tuned : d, g, g, d1, d1, inside , the chord is four degrees relations , the outboard to five degrees relations , internal and outboard of octave relationships. The third is tuned 😕 C, g, g, c 1, the relationship between c1, inner, middle and outer string is tuned in between the first and the same law . Range d-d3 or c-c3, up to three octaves . Uzbek hot wap four strings tuned in : B, e, a, d1, is four degrees relations , this tune a stringed instrument popular in southern France between Aksu and other places adjacent strings. Hot wap Uzbek pronunciation of each of the strings have different characteristics, outboard crisp , loud, the strings bright, mellow , the chord plump, thick. Methods and Kashi hot wap playing basically the same , common shells , pick, roll, sweep and other skills. Not only can play on the outboard main theme, in a higher position within the string can also play melodies, pop-up within the two- tone and three- octave chords . Transpose is extremely convenient, common C, F, G, bB, D , and several other tune. This hot wap , wide range, timbre crisp , bright , and most suitable for solo , but also to participate in band or song and dance ensemble for instrumental accompaniment . China’s national music composers Uzbek hot wap created many solo ethnic characteristics , there were famous : “Tianshan spring” , ” beautiful country ” and so on .
Multi Lang hot wap
Uighur shells plucked musical instrument sound . Long popular multi- region because of the name. Also translated Dolan said hot wap , Dolan hot wap . Awati popular in Xinjiang , Bachu , Markit and Yarkand and other places. According to legend , the ancient Uighur Multi Lang ‘s “spit blue” ( ie “group ” means ) . Ancient people along the western edge of the Taklimakan Desert gregarious engage in labor , earning the formation of a branch of the Uighur , so called long on Long person . Also said that this is the man known as the Tarim River . Many shapes , different shapes multi Long hot wap ( Figure ) , is a true portrayal of the multi- instrument maker Ron continuous improvement of people . The first multi- Long Hot wap , is to use a piece of mulberry wood dug from the system, resonance box for flat round to the front of the Mongolian animal skin , huge volume , shorter piano bar and wide fingerboard , headstock string slots in place right angle bend backwards , similar to the ancient lute song entries sides headstock and piano bar on the left side there are a number of pegs set , there were a number of sheets and the main playing strings resonating strings, piano bar relative to the lower end of the resonance box then at the sides , with two symmetrical rectangular wooden corner decoration, it plays the usual resonance box protection , stability and beautify the piano while playing the instrument , which is more than hot wap Long salient features and signs . This ancient multi Long Hot wap now rare.
With the passage of time and improve production technology , the spread process, in order to carry and easy to play , gradually narrowing the resonance box , but比喀什hot wap larger shape the evolution of semi- gourd-shaped . Traditional multi Long hot wap , piano with mulberry , apricot or walnut wood production, a total length of about 80 cm . The upper half of the resonance box piano bar connected with wide , on which there are several small round open sound hole . Lower half of the resonance box has a hollow gourd -shaped front Mongolia in animal skin , Mapi , yak leather , goatskin or python , surface diameter of 22 cm or so. Piano bar short and thick , the narrow width , wider front Anxian fretboard , no taste. Right angle bend backwards headstock , string groove transparent, set both sides have three to six T -shaped pegs , and more generally for five or six axes for Zhang playing the main strings. Piano bar on the left side set has four to thirteen T -shaped pegs , and more generally for seven to ten axes , for Zhang resonance strings. All strings using steel strings , there are also individual casing strings using string resonance . Set of bamboo or wooden skin surface Longbridge horse -shaped piano , piano chord at the end with a tie .
Beijing Chinese Art Institute of Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum multi Long Hot wap pieces. One of mulberry wood , length 85.5 cm , was gourd -shaped resonance box , front Mongolian yak leather , surface diameter of 18.4 cm . Flat headstock , string slot at the thick, Chengbian square, SRE six T -shaped pegs ( fourth from left second from right ) , Zhang played six main steel strings . Piano bar is long and wide, smooth surface for the Anxian fretboard , no taste, the left side is set with seven T -shaped pegs , sheets four wire, three casing strings resonate . Piano bar at the lower end of the connecting both sides of the piano box , equipped with two symmetrical rectangular wooden angle . Yamaguchi bamboo , wooden Longbridge form the bridge . Instrument modeling simple , meticulous process , from the hands of southern folk artists for the 1958 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Department of Culture gifts. This piano has been loaded large album ” Chinese musical illustrations ” in the . Another multi- Long Hot wap walnut wood , length 75.5 cm , scoop -shaped resonance box , front and Mongolia in goatskin , surface diameter of 21 cm , piano chord groove in the head at the bend, the set of five T -shaped pegs , third from left, second from right , Zhang played five main steel strings . Piano bar long narrow left home with four T -shaped pegs , sheets four steel strings resonate . This piano was originally a famous Beijing Opera artist ‘s collection of Mr. Cheng Yanqiu , 1958 , Mr. Cheng will donate their country .
Long hot wap playing multiple , often taken sitting, inclined to hold the piano at the waist , the roots of the resonance box placed right leg , leather oblique upward lift headstock on the left , 45 ° angle , left the holding jaws of death piano bar , commonly used index finger , middle finger, ring finger Anxian take sound , right thumb and index finger grip paddles executive plucked strings pronunciation . Main playing strings and more strings to double homonym , is tuned : c1, d1, g1, ten resonate chord tune a stringed instrument : g, c1, d1 is usually double strings homonyms , and the remaining four strings tuned in : e1, f1, g1, a1. Range g-d2. Playing the original bit -oriented , often playing the melody on the treble strings resonate . Lord played chord deep timbre , rich, crisp sounds resonate chord , and bright. Both are intertwined, constitute sound sonorous , bold and unrestrained style. Can be used for solo, ensemble or accompaniment, but also sing . Folk play “multi Long Maqam ” one of the major musical accompaniment .
Hami hot wap , shells plucked Uyghur Ming instruments. Hami region to the popular name. With the development of convenient transportation and exchange of cultural reference , multi Long Hot wap gradually spread to eastern Xinjiang , Uighur people for the local favorite . Popular in Hami , Turpan and Shanshan other places. Long hot wap shapes and multi same piano made of mulberry , apricot or walnut wood , length 90 cm or so, was a scoop -shaped resonance box . Where there is a piano bar in the embedded copper fret fretboard . More sophisticated and meticulous craftsmanship . There are five main playing multiple strings ( there are two sets of double strings, tuning up e, a, d1), seven or eight string resonance ( tuned in g, a, c1, d1, e1, g1, a1), are steel stringed .
Beijing Chinese Art Institute of Chinese Academy of Music Instrument Museum Hami hot wap one . Walnut wood , piano and full-length 91.5 cm . Resonance box was a scoop -shaped , front mask with leather, surface diameter of 23.7 cm . After the headstock obtuse recurved, the home of the five T -shaped pegs ( left right) , Zhang played five main steel strings . Piano bar is long and wide, surface no taste, fretboard inlay with three coins and three copper for decoration , piano bar on the left set eight T -shaped pegs , Zhang eight steel strings resonate . Piano bar at the lower end of the connecting both sides of the piano box , equipped with two symmetrical rectangular wooden angle . Piano bar end Yamaguchi bone , bamboo Longbridge form the bridge , piano bottom has tied strings. Quintana carved out of the back ridge pattern ornamentation. This production of fine hot wap , folk artists from the hands of Hamilton , in 1963 , the Institute of Music ethnomusicologists Wah Kan when it went to Xinjiang folk songs, bring it back from the Hami . Has been loaded large album ” Chinese musical illustrations ” in the . Playing posture and methods are the same and multi Long hot wap , but lifted the headstock angle is small , about 30 ° angle . Five main playing strings, which has two sets of double strings homonym , is tuned : e, a, d1, seven string is tuned to resonate : g, a, c1, d1, e1, g1, a1. Range e-a1. Playing the original bit -oriented , generally do not change the position, often playing the melody on the treble strings resonate . Can be used for solo, ensemble or accompaniment, is also commonly used in thermal wap playin sing , and has become one of the ” Hami Muqam ” the main accompaniment of musical instruments.
