Miao Ming shells plucked instruments. Miao said the three-stringed lute. Popular in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region de Mindanao and other Longlin County in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou provinces at the junction of the majority of Hmong regions. Pronunciation crisp and bright. Commonly used in solo, trio and dance accompaniment, deeply loved young Hmong.
1, shape structure
Shape and Mongolian, Manchu, Han, Lahu and Lisu and other ethnic sanxian a significant difference, resonance box is not pie, but cylindrical, its structure but with the eastern Yunnan South Road, Maitreya, Luxi and other places Yi branch A fine line, Sani Yi people use large sanxian similar.
2, size
The traditional Hmong sanxian, mostly civil self-occupied, it is very inconsistent sizes. Common Ownership piano length of 70 cm to 80 cm, which consists of the resonance tube (Qintong), headstock, piano bars, pegs, the bridge and strings and other parts (Figure). Qintong is cylindrical, multi-use for some texture made of hard wood dig, common folk locally grown red piles of wood or wood Qinggangpo production, Qintong length 13.5 cm to 14 cm, waist thicker barrel, two end a little thin, tube mouth diameter 14 cm, diameter 12 cm, tube wall thickness of 1 cm, tube before the mouth more sheets of plastic to paulownia wood panels, thickness 0.5 cm, there are a few Qintong before the mouth of Mongolia to snakeskin or sheepskin, After the tube mouth no sound windows for exposure in the mouth before the end of the barrel near the cylinder wall, the open piano bar has inserted the square hole. Neck and piano bar common use of a toon wood, wood or fire Qinggang fruit and other more hard hardwood production, its length and the piano and the same length. Headstock 20 cm long, the upper flat and wide, showing spade backwards slightly curved, front engraved with geometric patterns or ethnic patterns, there are also those upper bent forward; lower square columnar body, through the end of the middle to open a chord grooves, slot length 9 cm, width 1.5 cm, chord grooves on both sides with three pegs (left right). Fine-grained multi-pegs, hard material of wood, ironwood or sandalwood, conical, shaft length 11 cm to 12 cm in maximum diameter of 2.5 cm top shaft, the shaft surface engraved with straight valve pattern. Piano bar semicircular columnar body, arm length 50 cm to 60 cm, the fine under the rough, before the flat after the round, positive for Anxian fretboard with no taste. Top with Yamaguchi, piano bar bottom insert Qintong the square hole in the bottom of the piano bar protruding Qintong called the stern post, can be used for tying strings and straps purposes. Qin Ma bamboo or wood, was Longbridge shaped, placed Qintong central panel or film. Zhang three stringed or steel strings. Hmong sanxian except headstock figure ornaments engraved on the front, it also more in Qintong twice before and after carving out a circular diagram rich ethnic style ornaments, and some decorative pattern across the cylinder four weeks. The string groove and tail between columns, tied with a colored silk strap.
3, playing method
Playing, sitting, standing can loop the strap on the left shoulder, piano bar across the chest, waist Qintong placed right headstock oblique left. Anxian piano left hand, right hand execution paddles play. Paddles made of common piece of bone or bamboo, Length 3 cm to 4 cm. Hmong sanxian generally three degrees, four degrees interval relations tune a stringed instrument, often tuned in: B, d, g, range B-d1. Pronunciation crisp and bright, soft mellow tone. Can be used for solo, trio or accompaniment to folk songs and dances. Had been masters of playing lively, beautiful lyrical tunes. Miao youth often used to play myself and others, it often popular with local Hmong yueqin (also known as the piano) together with a multi-part ensemble music, banjo play the treble voices, three-stringed lute played bass part. During the Lunar New Year in Hmong traditional “jump slope” activities, it is also the people dance and play an indispensable accompaniment of musical instruments. Miao Miao sanxian by unmarried young men and women love, love life is inseparable from social and musical instruments, apart whenever labor, bounce yueqin girl, boy played the shamisen, which is what they used the piano as the “language “mutual expression of love, this is both a bomb, but also the form of ensemble performances, but also concluded many happy happy marriage. Hmong traditional three-stringed lute repertoire more than the first, but no tunes name. Famous folk artist Li Wang Ji, Licheng Liang, skilled, sanxian, yueqin are fine, act in harmony trio in the folk reputation….
