Look forward to six months of Xinjiang cotton subsidy policy was finally introduced. September 17, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government announced a target price of cotton reform implementation of the program, to determine the level of this year’s cotton target price is 19,800 yuan / ton, the state of cotton from the “hidden subsidies” officially to “clear up.”
Under the pilot program, issuing a target price of cotton subsidies, will sell the area and the amount of cotton seed planted in accordance with the verification to confirm the actual combination of the way, 60% central subsidy funds according to the area of subsidies, 40% according to the actual amount of seed cotton subsidies sell . Special cotton (including cotton and cotton) subsidy standards, according to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region government approval of upland cotton subsidies to 1.3 times the standard execution.
Cotton production has been 20 consecutive years ranked first in the country, is the country’s most cotton-producing areas of comparative advantage. Regulations affecting ten million cotton farmers subsidies “nervous.” Xinjiang open end cotton purchasing and storage continue for many years, started a pilot subsidies for cotton farmers. This major policy change, the development of Xinjiang’s cotton industry this year will bring what kind of impact? From May to early September, the author carried out up to a hundred days of Xinjiang cotton market research.
Subsidies floor:
Cotton prices affects ten million farmers “nervous”
In the first half of this year, due to the implementation of the program has not released the spot lint cotton by-product sales basically stagnated. May 13, 2226 Akzo a ginning factory lint offer 15,500 yuan / ton, 1227 offer 16,500 yuan / ton, the price downward trend. Cotton prices fell sharply, Akzo local enterprises 137, 237, 236 cotton quotations were 32,500 yuan / ton, 31,600 yuan / ton, 30,700 yuan / ton, compared with a week ago, down 300 yuan / ton.
Prior to the survey is based on the area for subsidies or production subsidies, southern and northern farmers have a different understanding. Most of the northern area of subsidies to cotton farmers agree that, while most southern farmers are welcome production subsidies. “According to the area of subsidies, if you catch a bad harvest year, we definitely lose money.” Luntai farmers had little say so. Program decided to meet the target price subsidies touches the southern and northern most farmers will.
Since early this year, the state announced in 2014 cotton target price subsidies for 19,800 yuan / ton, the interpretation of the market has been the target price differences. Most farmers in the southern and northern considered 19,800 yuan / ton price is sold to seed cotton ginning factory cost price to the current conversion price of seed cotton, lint percentage rate of 40 percent of the seed cotton purchase price not less than 8.80 yuan / kg, but also cost-effective than purchasing and storage, policy, “underpinning” obvious effect. Most ginning factories believes 19,800 yuan / ton price is lint sales price, which is sold to textile ginning factory price, which includes the 1000 to 1200 yuan / ton in the processing, transportation costs. Click here to convert seed cotton purchase price at 8.20 yuan / kg. In this regard, the recent Reform Commission has made clear, 19,800 yuan / ton of lint sales price.
State control of the cotton quota will directly affect the way cotton. For the textile industry, there are certainly better than no quota, because it not only involves quotas for textile mills to reduce costs, but also involves the distribution of cotton. During the interview, many companies said that if there is no quota, only choose cotton reserves running, although a small textile enterprises competitiveness will be further weakened, but large-scale textile enterprises will choose to replace foreign high-grade cotton with Cotton.
Farmers figured out:
Production intensification is the trend
Information from the Cotton Association, 4 to May of this year, several high winds have affected the cotton production. “A strong wind, almost all of the cotton scraping dead.” Luntai farmers Zhu Yuan said his family 220 acres of cotton this year’s crops. Improve the ecological environment, natural disasters have become resistant to the consensus of the southern and northern farmers. Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Economic Crops One expert said that cotton climate, the southern border is greater than the northern, where more than corps. Generally, windbreaks building a good place, stable cotton degree higher.
A set of data provided by the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is now the largest in Xinjiang cotton harvest costs are labor costs. Calculated by 330 kg, closing fee plus any additional expenses Abstract labor costs up to 850 yuan, 100 yuan plus general production management / mu ~ 120 yuan / mu, labor costs reached 975 yuan / mu, the total cost of nearly 40%.
The survey found that farmers are trying to Xinjiang by improving yields, reducing costs to deal with the cotton market risks. The main way of Xinjiang cotton farmers improve yields, reduce costs, there are three: First, large-scale promotion machine cotton picker and large farm machinery; second is the promotion of new high-yielding varieties of cotton; third is to promote water-saving irrigation and precision sowing cotton and some other advanced technologies and patterns. Feel harvest costs will be substantially increased Haven farmers normally open learning in order to reduce costs, this year will own 200 acres planted in cotton, cotton picker machine into most models. Under normal conditions, a daily harvest of seed cotton picker is equivalent to 500 individual amount of labor per acre can reduce the overall cost of 200 yuan, which, compared with the manual picking, cotton households can reduce the cost per acre of nearly 200 yuan. Often learn in that time, large-scale cultivation of cotton, cotton picker machine is the only way. Shawan Liu 毛湾镇 agricultural station official said, the promotion of large-scale agricultural machinery, improve labor productivity is the best option for cotton farmers. From the southern to the northern, whether agriculture or farmers competent leadership, strong cost consciousness ever before farmers will not be included in the cost of their labor, and now is not the same, most of the farmers will be included in the cost of their labor. A township agricultural station, said farmers increase yields keenly aware, reduce the cost of cotton production is to deal with the risk of volatility in cotton prices and market the only way. Xinjiang cotton production in the next 10 years will be rapid intensification.
Age structure at this stage is an important part of farmers of cotton research. The contents of the previous investigation cotton industry is difficult to involve the development of Xinjiang’s cotton industry, who are the decisive factor. Throughout the course of the investigation, a total of 24 copies of the questionnaire survey in the village as a unit, hutubi, Manas, Shawan three counties each randomly selected eight villages. Survey mainly local farmers, not related to the Corps. Because the degree of intensification Corps has been quite high, and place a one peasant economy is restricting the development of Xinjiang’s cotton industry is a major obstacle. Liu 毛湾镇 Banqiao Village in Shawan County, for example, the mayor told reporters pay Lydda, the village Banqiao Village area of 4000 mu of arable land, mainly cotton, population 407 people, 60 people over the age of 61, 126 students engaged in cotton production only 8 people 22 years of age to 35 years of age, the vast majority of farmers between 40 years to 60 years, of which 50-year-old to 60-year-old farmers of more than 70 people. 35-year-old cotton grower Wang Jianbing also large agricultural machinery for cotton, he was confident that this year he planted 400 acres of cotton, in addition to picking, almost all of the field management have implemented mechanization. “If you let me kind of village 4000 acres of land, we planted two or three people will be able to, there is no need so many people.”
From the current situation, the next 10 years, nearly 30% of farmers quit cotton production, land transfer speed will be accelerated, Xinjiang rural small-scale cotton production management to intensive management will be the trend.
Farmers’ three hope “:
Subsidies in place, information guidance, support services
Xinjiang cotton farmers now basic idea is the main content of this research. Set of six questions related to cotton and information services during the visit. Almost all of the respondents farmers have chosen the following three: First, a steady increase in cotton prices, cotton subsidies in place; Second is to get the expected study on the cotton industry and its related information services; third is to promote the large-scale agricultural and other government guidance cotton production support services.
Most farmers markets and expectations for the subsidy policy and views mainly subsidy policy can execute in place, if you do not put in place, both for farmers and businesses will result in serious injury. Fortunately, the pilot program in the development of Xinjiang, while taking in order to prevent corporate subsidies, but also develop the appropriate supporting systems.
It now appears that farmers subsidies in line with the psychological implementation in place is able to maintain Xinjiang cotton area to some extent, Xinjiang maintain a certain influence on the international cotton prices, while allowing cotton line with international standards, increase market competitiveness of enterprises.
Farmers Pengdeng Ping said: “My family has 60 acres of land, cotton, melon, or tomatoes, it is difficult to determine if the relevant government departments to give us some information tips, we would not have to worry about what kind of a year for.” It now appears, is expected to increase the research and promotion of new cotton varieties and new technologies as well as accelerating the cotton industry supporting the cotton industry, the government will be involved in the cotton industry in the management of a major issue in the future.
Xinjiang cotton in action:
Improve the quality of remodeling cotton brand
In the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps to improve the quality of work of the forum on cotton, cotton mission field, processing enterprises, distribution companies will be sold to mention quality as to ease the pressure of a “magic weapon”, and trying to provide quality brought about policy changes to deal challenges, and promote the healthy development of the cotton industry.
Experts say that in recent years, although the Corps through the promotion of cotton picker machine, reducing the cost of cotton, cotton improves efficiency, but Xinjiang, long distance, high cost of agricultural materialized, in the short term by a significant reduction in the cost of enhancing the cotton market the idea of competitiveness is not realistic, especially in the face of sudden and cotton price target pilot reform policies in recent years, only to dig the potential to improve cotton quality. At the forum, the Corps supply and marketing director 张林泽 more bluntly: “As long as good quality, do not worry about not sell, the key is the quality, focus on quality is the focus of this year to sell cotton task.”
As the country’s most important commodity cotton production base, once renowned quartet Corps cotton is the most popular products on the market, but now the quality needed for such a big fuss, indeed puzzling. Located in Xinjiang Shihezi City Cotton Co., Ltd. Tang into the United States in 2012 using cotton, Australian cotton, cotton picker machine and hand Corps compare quality cotton picker, cotton picker machine or hand either cotton picker, the fiber length, neps and short fiber content, foreign fibers are significantly higher than imported cotton is poor, it also means that if you do not improve cotton quality, Corps of cotton in the market will no longer have a competitive advantage.
For corps cotton quality problems, Secretary of Agriculture hole Army Corps, said the Corps in recent years to promote cotton picker machine, reducing the cost of cotton, cotton improves efficiency, but also because of apheresis mode and processing system is not fully mature, as well as three consecutive years temporary storage, each low-yielding cotton fields and sub-division should not have quit cotton in cotton, cotton disrupted Corps advantages of regional distribution, the cotton quality has declined.
Textile company official strongly suggested Corps must further improve cotton technology to further reduce the cotton maturity differences, avoid large span mixed-level phenomenon; Meanwhile, to further increase the cotton planting, harvesting, processing whole process of management efforts to eliminate foreign matter mix, improve cotton quality, build brand cotton Corps.
Touch and ponder:
Relying on the advantages of cotton textile industry resource development advantages
Over the past three years, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps cotton division, employees, processing and circulation enterprises are immersed in the national agricultural policy, “Carnival”, the lack of temporary storage policies “temporary” calm reflection, resulting in a transfer of national policy , immediately plunged into a passive embarrassment. Pilot cotton target price to replace temporary storage policy reform policy, apparently, is just part of the difference between the sale of cotton purchasing and storage and market selling country between, but then the cotton industry far-reaching.
Of course, the Corps has never been a lack of experience in sales and marketing of agricultural products, but the pilot reform of the cotton target price of industrial policy to bring people to ponder the problem again. After the party’s 18 economies in transition to accelerate the pace of reform and the development of domestic as well as the possibility of relying on administrative means to directly affect the future market price of agricultural products will become increasingly smaller. In this context, the Corps in the end how to make agriculture a healthy and sustainable development?
For the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, one more fundamental solution is to accelerate the pace of development of textile, garment industry. Because there is a huge acreage, the Corps cotton industry have a pretty good foundation. During the “Eleventh Five-Year”, the Corps seize the country implementing the western development strategy and the promulgation of “textile industry restructuring and revitalization plan,” the opportunity to actively undertake the eastern part of the textile industry transfer, the Corps has made remarkable achievements in the development of the textile industry, the rapid expansion of the scale of the textile industry . Corps Development and Reform Commission deputy inspector Wu Xinnan think counterparts Yuanjiang after the start, the eastern industrial to the autonomous region, the Corps transferred a large part of the textile industry, these enterprises to the autonomous region and the Corps, is nothing more than a fancy high-quality raw material advantage. But three years of purchasing and storage, and domestic and foreign cotton market prices upside down, most textile companies had a hard time, but the implementation of the pilot reform of the cotton target price policy, so that cotton prices return to the market for cotton spinning enterprises, autonomous regions, and the Corps, which is quite not timely.
Although the target price for reform may lead to difficulty in selling cotton this year, but Xinjiang has launched a strategy to develop the textile industry, the introduction of “Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region textile industry,” second five “development plan” as well as Xinjiang, “a three-city seven parks Center “industry positioning, Xinjiang textile industry outline a new blueprint. These decisions are Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the Corps cotton industry “butterfly” to create an extremely favorable conditions.
I believe that with this knowledge to improve the quality of cotton in the cotton parties Reclamation, processing and circulation enterprises are unified, and by cotton spinning enterprises welcome – hard to imagine, after a short period of wind and rain, Xinjiang’s cotton industry will usher new leap.
