There must be a fan bingbing, at first, the topic.High-profile “Ma Zhen” highway to although be delete, movie “Yang” remains trough point.There was a period of fan bingbing as Yang play the plot of the pipa, beauty, beauty, but the real way is unlikely to be playing pipa in tang dynasty.
According to zheng in his “Ming emperor miscellany” (a book Yu Dazhong nine years, 855 AD) records: “there the officer Bai Xiuzhen, since the back shu, pipa to offer. The slot in logic 逤 wingceltis, jade, and glory springs, with gold wisp of red into the double phoenix”. The imperial concubine every hug is pipa music in liyuan, music sorrow, float like a cloud.”Tang Zheng Yu (around AD 859) before and after the lifetime of the jin Yang door poem “under the” jade slave pipa Long Xiang dial “sentence since the note:” (Yang), the imperial concubine wonderful pipa, its instruments to smell in the world, there are logic 逤 wingceltis for tank, dragon cedar for dial.”A book from the Ming emperor miscellany “earlier hu Qu Tan Binlu, later song dynasty Yang too really gaiden and archives of the nationwide examination, there are also records of approximate.
Yang will pipa it should undoubtedly righteousness, and may also be quite well.Its special pipa quite, have the west of sichuan’s logic 逤 ebony is lagging, Long Xiang cedar for plectrum (the right hand of board, used for pince tool), there are patterns of the double phoenix decoration, quite rare.
Master of tang dynasty music, Yang often should play the lute and “saburo” phase and the flute.When the nobles are worshipped in Yang door (” competing for the imperial concubine pipa disciple “, “Ming emperor miscellany”), the jade bracelet often teach their tunes, they “are widely have pressed”, ass auction is quite excited.
Five string lute
Attentive audience may be found, fan bingbing embrace of pipa has five strings, more than four string lute modern one.Tang dynasty pipa do have four or five strings, four string pipa neck bent back, also known as “QuXiang pipa”, and five string pipa as straight, the neck not fold, form a more slender.The name of “pipa” becoming a four string QuXiang pipa points, five string straight a pipa is referred to as the “five string” to show the difference.
Japanese scholar Mr Lin Qian three that four of five strings are pipa with out of central Asia, forming four string pipa development in Asia, especially in Iran;While the five string is completed in India.In the tang dynasty palace “ten music”, both the pipa occupies a very important position.Unfortunately, five strings pipa rapidly disappearing after tang wu, in the early years of the northern song dynasty is only, to the last years has almost vanished, its status completely replaced by four string lute.
Now the city of nara in Japan shoso-in retains the most complete five strings in the tang dynasty pipa physical, as one of the warehouse treasure shoso-in.It connect body to enchase mother-of-pearl, stalwart dial also positive to hawksbill important outline of a man on the camel shock play four string QuXiang pipa pattern, vivid and exquisite.”Yang” is based on a prototype, do a pair of imitation.
In the tang dynasty pipa playing, not “half covered face”
So what’s the problem?
The first is the position of fan bingbing, held the pipa.And keep the way of modern pipa (play) held vertically, the tang dynasty pipa widely held position as on the diagonal, horizontal or inclined to embrace.Fan bingbing have to pipa horizontally, like holding the guitar today embrace pipa, is much closer to the tang dynasty pipa’s real state.
That was written by bai juyi of tang dynasty “pipa” in the “pious covered face” is lying?Both cross over, face how to “half covered face”?Don’t forget to “pipa” the pipa female half block the time just sprung, shyly hid behind the pipa, haven’t sat down and began to play.On everybody’s lips widely people: “half covered face”, though now used to describe the pipa playing may be appropriate, but not as the tang dynasty pipa playing style.Shoso-in mother-of-pearl rosewood in tang dynasty five strings pipa on display, aquarium deliberately keep it on the inclined posture, to guide the audience know the pipa playing the way of the tang dynasty.
Why a pipa began to keep horizontal or oblique hold up and down, in the long evolution in the later again into a vertical embrace?This should be it way of occasions and play.Pipa “this from hu”, is often play a musical instrument, on horseback, transverse held posture can lower center of gravity, convenient to play.
Right hand holding the other plectrum plucked, horizontal string can swing the wrist with direction – plectrum strike direction vertical, more convenient.And with the pipa’s way gradually from plectrum dial to flick, nearly vertical posture can make the right play a variety of techniques in the most natural condition.But in the use of special techniques, such as “shake”, the direction of finger need with the wrist fast touch, still make body vertical 欹 bend a little to the left, above the diagonal hold the attitude of the play, so that the vertical finger touch.
Li Shou mural tomb dancing (local), tang dynasty, unearthed in shaanxi sanyuan county.The second and the third front left musicians with five, four strings are respectively pipa playing, posture is slightly inferior oblique.
Flaming light Buddha and five-star figure (local), tang dynasty, silk scroll painting, courtesy of the British museum, was discovered in dunhuang.Wearing a crest of Venus (Venus) cross pipa playing.
Zhaoling YanFei tomb murals (local), tang dynasty, unearthed in shaanxi liquan.Murals in the woman holding a pipa, with oblique position to play.
At with flick, ordinary people with a plectrum
What is, and so on, said along while, plectrum?Pipa is not playing with his fingers before?
Yes, the tang dynasty play pipa is generally not directly touch with finger, and with a plectrum.Plectrum is composed of elongated shank and fan-shaped dial face, the right hand grip used to play the pipa tools.Style in tang dynasty famous pipa virtuoso cao gangchuan stiffness, has been described as “if the wind and rain” – “dial”, is to touch the strings played with a plectrum.Bai juyi “pipa” the poem called “ponder to put the string”, that is after the pipa playing, playing with the plectrum inserted between the string and string.
In the evolution of the pipa’s way after a long only gradually by using plectrum plucked to refer to the instrument, and in the tang dynasty, with the method of the plectrum play occupies the absolute mainstream.”New tang book” aspiration, five strings “old pluck with wood, pei to handle the play god FuChu, emperor taizong yue, later generations for pipa xi.”Taizong period of shule musician pei rune pioneered the pipa precedent with the hand, it is conceivable that the original is dial, and the monotony of playing techniques leap to the liberation of finger play, expression is greatly enriched, the difficulty is not the average person can hold.Therefore pei runes to start playing after hand skills still slow development.
While opening the Ming emperor miscellanea, led by the book of jin Yang poem “has been clearly shows that the imperial concubine not hand to play, use is” Long Xiang dial “, namely Long Xiang cedar do plectrum.
Japanese shoso-in plectrum in tang dynasty
Webster’s family tomb murals (local), tang dynasty, now shaanxi history museum, the unearthed in shaanxi xian changan area.Murals in the woman holding a plectrum, was significantly inferior oblique position playing the lute.
Tang dynasty GongLe figure (local), tang dynasty, silk scroll painting, is the national Palace Museum in Taipei.Woman in the picture holding a plectrum, transverse pipa playing.
In the film and television play, “dripping” pipa, make the person: “Yang”
New anchor MeiHe, rosamund kwan played small butterfly blue.
Appearance with modern pipa roughly the same, but the neck instead of the phase of product, it is very difficult, even at close hand of fine fine jade beauty according to……The most peculiar place is on the front panel is similar to the violin ponticello…But the pipa has become a weapon here anyway, also do not ask it is a normal pipa.
See the reflection of the dragon off, “Maggie Q plays Cao Ying s: in The Three Kingdoms.
Although it is about the three countries, but there are still many overhead ingredients, such as the original role played Maggie Q Cao Ying itself is a…And the hand of the pipa is unreliable.Pipa contact battlefield there is indeed, the so-called “luminous wine glass wine, to drink immediately pipa”, pipa and jiangnan ladies hatred is not real at the beginning, but often to see in the glorious.But early pipa as the “four string four column”, no, no way in the next board also appeared so many prescription.Early pipa original two crescent scattered sound hole on the panel, Li Jiao “pipa” the poem described as “half moon string out”, but Maggie Q in the hands of the pipa crescent is more like a water ice stickers, do not know how to enlarge the volume, adjust the sound effect.As for the right hand wearing galeries lafayette nails set of pipa, I can say nothing.
The hongmen banquet, l as concubine, s: han.
Early pipa should be no taste, jean shaking on the surface of the dial (protect the piano surface from the plectrum scratching damage layer of protection, at the same time also have adornment effect) also pretty weird, jean’s overall modelling also is wrong, this is a period of pantomime horse “pipa”.But the biggest problem is the hongmen banquet that time has not yet been pipa.”Load:” sui book music today QuXiang pipa, shaft head of the harp, and from the western regions, the China of old.”QuXiang pipa almost to the northern and southern dynasties was introduced from the western regions, concubine pipa this scene completely impossible.As to whether vertical hold, there is not plectrum, let’s all laugh it off.
Production, the god of the dragon king “, AngelaBaby plays silver kyi, s: tang.
In addition to flower head is more like a five string rather than four string QuXiang pipa, AngelaBaby the pipa in her arms is quite like that.In AngelaBaby embrace pipa dance, convenient to “rebound pipa” as a booth, but the AngelaBaby actually nothing more than an inferior oblique embrace, rebound pipa to turn the pipa the whole to the behind (see chart).
Dunhuang mogao grottoes, rebound pipa JiLeTian
According to the dunhuang studies Mr Zheng ye in the mogao grottoes murals instrument statistics data, belonging to the class plucked instrument pipa appeared in the mogao grottoes, a total of 689, only a few of them are rebound pipa, and both as playing skills and dance moves, didn’t mention in the literature.Besides dunhuang frescoes and other cultural relics in the case of no rebound pipa, so it is more likely to dunhuang limner a creative design, rather than the real performance skills or dance moves.
