Mongolian stringed instrument – do not think of fire

Fire does not think: Mongolian stringed instrument, seen in the Yuan Dynasty, popular in the Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty included country music, Qing lost again successfully developed after. Spread in China, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, northern Gansu and Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County. The fire is not thinking for the Turkic word “qobuz” transliteration, approximately in the Tang Dynasty from Central Asia into China, also known as muddy not like, “and must Adams”, “Tiger aside thinking”, “Amber word”, “Wu Dial thinking “,” Hu not thinking “and” Hu dial four “and so on (all Mongolian transliteration, that is the meaning of the piano). Folk called Hu did not like children or muddy. Popular in Inner Mongolia, Hebei and northern Gansu Province and other places. Four strings, long-handled, fretless, pear-shaped speakers, folk quite popular during the Ming Dynasty.

Mongolian stringed instrument - do not think of fire

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Handed down history
The historic fire does not think, appeared in the early 1st century BC, the ancient northern nomadic peoples of our country jointly created a play stringed instruments. Do not think about the fire, folklore with such a beautiful legend: When the Western Han Emperor (49 BC – 33 years ago), Nelson Zigui (now part of Hubei Province) Wang Zhaojun elected to the palace, Han Emperor actually rather reign (AD 33 years ago), Attila Huhanye Chanyu Chang came to appear before the Han emperor, Han Emperor courtesy, Huhanye Chanyu said, “willing to marry Han’s self-pro” forever friendly. Wang Zhaojun voluntary married Hun, Han Emperor then submitted phase Xu Zhaojun, Wang Zhaojun Huhanye Chanyu closure as “Ning Hu Hsiungnu.” Wang Zhaojun Hun go on the road, he had immediately play the lute. Her story, later became poetry, fiction, drama and rap and other popular themes, painting also has Zhaojun immediately pipa map. During the Hun, Wang Zhaojun harping lute, deeply cherished by barbarians, and imitate it produced a new musical instrument, both humble and not similar, then we have the “muddy not like” in the name. Song Yu Yan’s “gallery talk rot,” (volume) describes the matter, wrote: “Wang Zhaojun lute bad store, barbarian remake, but its shape is small, Zhaojun laughed and said: ‘muddy not like’, this falsely for and Sindbis. ” Song Tao Zongyi “cease cultivation recorded” contains: “People do not like instruments have muddy.” Do not think of the image of fire, first appeared in the Tang Dynasty paintings. In 1905, in the west of Xinjiang Hami and Turpan recruit village (there was originally the ancient Gao region), to explore the early 9th century Tang Gao paintings, painting in the “Children hold a bomb-necked, spoon-shaped, four pegs juxtaposed side stringed instrument. ” Visible, early in Tang and Song dynasties, the fire does not think has been popular in the vast region in northwest China. Khalkhas Khao Muzi and Su Naxi ancient Benedict, in similar shape and fire do not think the name is similar, and they belong to the same origin of the instrument.

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Related records

Mongolian stringed instrument - do not think of fire
Fire does not think
Fire does not think of the name of its shape, beginning in the Yuan Dynasty historical records. “Yuan Shi Chi Ritual” (VII k) contains: “Fire is not thinking, system such as the pipa, straight neck, no product, there are small grooves, round belly, such as a bottle, with skin as surface, four strings leather cloth with splashed pattern, The same solitary column ” things different directory Pipa “set:” Yuan-chi, Tianle not think of a fire, the system such as the pipa, this mountain, Shan, Amber Plains word play, cover ‘fire do not think’ the transfer language too. “This instrument in the Mongolian capital of the Yuan Dynasty Beijing, has been included in country music, it is often on the court in a grand banquet or feast Wang indoor playing musical instruments. Later widespread and prevalent in the Central Plains, in Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan Han people are loved.
After the demise of the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty many Mongolian customs are inherited, such as Yanwu the “shoot Willow”, courtesy of the government and the people so as to meet ritual remains. Nothing but the fire does not think the country music has continued to spread in Mongolia, the Mongolian communication and plays the role of cultural ties between the Han. Mid-15th century, Mongolia Wala unit powerful, the Ming court presented to the Wala Khan gifts do not think there is fire. In Yingzong orthodox fourteen years (AD 1449) of the “Civil change”, the captured Hidemune Wala Esen Taishi particularly good music, he hosted a horse slaughter, Xianxiang Hidemune offer imperial wine, and then personally play Fire does not think and singing, also ordered the side of the Mongolian people with the chorus, which in the “Yingzong Record” had been recorded. The Ming Shen Fu “Wanli wild allocated” are: “This instrument has four strings necked round Pi who bomb the North were the most good, the common name Hu Bo words …… the prisoner as soon bomber.” Shen Chong Ming Dynasty Sui “Qu Notice” set: “Ming tune musical accompaniment in North Zheng, muddy not like ……” in Beijing, China Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Arts musical instrument museum, the collection has handed down one side of the Ming Dynasty made the fire does not think (Figure). Quintana made of mahogany, length 83.5 cm, width 12.5 cm abdominal resonance box semi-gourd-shaped, the lower half of Mongolia to Skin, piano first flattened without ornaments, string slot after opening, the left transverse four Zhen, thin neck and long, smooth surface fretless, bamboo Qin Ma, Zhang four stringed, harp back to the whole body carved patterns, this piano of delicate, beautiful appearance, called the fine, with musical appreciation and double the value of the art collection, has been Loading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Music Arts Institute Mr. Liu Dongsheng editor of the “Atlas of Chinese musical instruments” in large pictures.

To the Qing Dynasty, Mongolian fashion once again prevailed, this is because before entering the Qing Dynasty (called after the payment), the Manchu culture by greater influence of Mongolian culture, the customs, the Qing Dynasty in addition to inheritance dominated by Han Chinese culture of the Central Plains outside , but also to promote awareness of Manchuria and Mongolia culture, customs and so many of the Yuan Dynasty flourished. The Qing Dynasty as one of country music Mongolian music, in addition to playing in the festivities when Mongol princes, but whenever the first day, to be played when the big move will be the fifteenth and magnolia line around. “Qing Hui” Legend said its shape, said: “Fire does not think, four strings, like the lute and thin, pear groove Tong handle, half run python, ribbed handle on the lower abdomen, such as the reed section, through two feet long Seven inches third of a dime dime, “” Book of General continued Qing Dynasty of Music “also has:..” the fire is not thought system such as the pipa, straight neck fretless, with skin as surface “at this time the fire does not think, is the Mongolian music Fan section ensemble of instruments. “Qing Hui · FAMILY · If Yan Yue Fan section ensemble” are: “cloud ao – flute – Flute – Tube – Sheng – violin – Pipa – Banjo – yueqin – erxian – yazheng – fire do not think – clappers and so on. “Qing Dynasty in Shaanxi clapper (also known as Western transfer) the fire is not thought to have been used musical accompaniment. Early Republic, eastern Inner Mongolia Harqin Palace bands still do not think the use of fire. Fire does not think also for folk instrumental ensemble, in Yi County, Hebei Province hancun would play in Juban, still do not think the use of fire. Traditional fire does not think, the shape of the spoon, piano bar longer resonance box is small, because the speaker Mongolia has film, which sounds rich grasslands rich flavor.

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Re survive in the world
Mr. Professor Beijing China Conservatory 杨大钧 collection have side handed down fire does not think Collectibles: whole body is made of hardwood, length 80 cm, width 10.8 cm abdominal resonance box Mongolia to Skin, bone above the embedded flower pattern and inlaid with mother, Qin first Flat Top, front mosaic inlaid with mother plum, after stringing groove open on the left transverse four melon prism piano Zhen, slender neck, back carved with exquisite resonance box ornamentation, this piano article about the early Qing Dynasty, has been contained the “Atlas of Chinese musical instruments” in large pictures.

Beijing China Art Research Institute, Chinese Academy of musical instruments museum also houses surrounded by fire in the Qing Dynasty do not think they come from the arts community donations, including Mei Lanfang, holding two pieces, Mr. Cheng Yanqiu holding one. Shape similar, but have different characteristics. China’s famous Beijing Opera artist Mei Lanfang donated Lei fire does not think, length 74 cm, width 10.5 cm abdominal, Mongolia Skin resonance box, violin Qin Zhen breakdown piano style first side, about the two, before stringing groove open, covered, bone Yamaguchi, Zhang four strings. Mei donated the other side of the fire does not think, firewood wooden, length 72.5 cm, width 10.3 cm abdominal resonance box Mongolian small scale python, Qin Zhen type and placement of orientation with the former, before stringing groove open, covered, bone Yamaguchi, of the back whole body painted with red paint, painted golden dragons on ornamentation. China’s famous Peking Opera artist Mr. Cheng Yanqiu donated fire does not think, the species with the old mahogany, a total length of 84 centimeters, 10.5 centimeters wide and abdomen, the upper resonance box mahogany to face, opening a round sound hole in the middle and lower Mongolian small python After the skin, the piano first turn left home four ivory piano Zhen, former string slot open, Mongolia ivory cover, ivory Yamaguchi, Zhang four stringed, production of fine, small, Qing Dynasty products powerhouse. Also available from the fire side of the famous pianist ZHENG Ying Sun is not thinking, firewood wooden, length of 84.5 cm, 13 cm wide and abdomen, the upper resonance box Paulownia face mask, the lower Mongolian Skin, left home four rosewood Zhen, Zhen top inlay bone flowers, neck tied with seven stringed goods, Zhang four stringed, whole body painted in black, and the back is decorated with gold lacquer moire Shuanglongxizhu map.

After the founding of New China, the country attaches great importance to folk music legacy Inheritance and excavation work, so do not think of the old fire rebirth. The early 1960s, Hohhot Folk Instruments luthier who cooperate with the Song and Dance Troupe of Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia under Wulanmuqi musicians Herve Ladsous wing, green Grenoble FIG et al., Conducted the development of the fire is not thinking work in the traditional fire is not thinking on the successful production of new fire do not think. Instrument design in line with Mongolian traditions, full of distinctive national characteristics. The first top piano like a quiver, which carved out a full bow Nock left headstock tied four piano Zhen, shaped like a four arrow wing. Chengbian calabash resonator lumen than traditional speakers increased nearly twice as much, no longer using hardwood back, face skin of the traditional process, changed the whole wooden resonance box, choose quality pine fine grain Paulownia sheet As a panel, back and frame plates are used hard texture color wood production, face, back arched central projection are doing, because of the back timber production process took violin as sawn, to fight, showing Beautiful pulp line texture, like radial light. Speakers at the edge portion of the Mongolian people have a favorite painted decorative lace edge. On both sides of the lower part of the panel, has opened a national pattern of clouds shaped sound hole. Absorb some of the stringed instrument design, the speaker added sound beam, so pronounce focus, sound loud, deep, beautiful tone. To play and easy to carry, reducing the piano bar, the addition of rosewood fingerboard neck. To realize playing, the accompaniment of the national characteristics, the fretboard sticky 24 ~ 26 bone fret, embedded copper peaks goods, fret equal temperament. Qin Zhen tailpiece end, the use of copper can fine-tune the gear shaft, Zhang four nylon steel strings. Has made series of fire does not think, treble, alto, bass three kinds of shapes, four strings are tuned in by five degrees relationship, bass do not think the fire is: c, g, d1, a1, tenor than the bass do not think the fire Fire does not think one octave, midrange treble off than fire does not think one octave higher, the total range c-c4, up to four octaves. 1980 National Arts Festival minority, young Grenoble diagram with the new fire is not thought to play a traditional Mongolian music, welcomed and praised by the audience. The successful work, was also included in “Atlas of Chinese musical instruments” in large pictures. While playing, playing may sit or stand outs played the piano and the cross in front of body, upper left oblique piano first, the resonance box placed in the right leg near the abdomen at or relying on the right arm, left hand holding a harp, index finger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger can Anxian, the right hand bone plectrum or thumb, forefinger wear fake nails to play. Its fingering a bomb, pick, double play, double pick, brush, sweep, sweep points, roll, knock, hit, and even sweep, can play the two-tone or three or four chords on the acoustic. The new fire is not thinking, articulate, bright, mellow sound, honest, sound soft, beautiful, full of flavor vast grassland. Can be used for playing and singing, solo, ensemble or dance accompaniment. Solo music of “A Sier”, “Senji Dema”, “little yellow horse”, “yellow A Sier,” and so on.

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