Month: June 2014

Ocarina (English: Ocarina, also translated as Yang Xun, tile Xun, soil flute, ocarina, ISLAND flute, etc.), currently the most popular is an ocarina from Italy, the shape of the submarine, there whistle mouth, usually of pottery wind instrument.
Chinese name
Ocarina
Foreign Name
Ocarina
DEFINITIONS
Portable wind instrument
Alias
Yang Xun, tile Xun, flute and other soil
Category
Ocarina single tube, multi-tube Ocarina
Material
Clay, porcelain clay, purple, wood, etc.

1 Basic information
Features Introduction
Ocarina, portable wind instrument.
Ocarina of all shapes and sizes, because the shape, size, different material ocarina sounds different.
This instrument is awesome, small ocarina sounds crisp loud; big voice low Ocarina mildly.
Ocarina can blow semitone, swapping is very convenient, 12-hole Alto C tune can easily transfer music playing 7.
This instrument belongs to the public universal musical instruments, low price, easy to learn, a quick, even without music based people, according to the corresponding Ocarina scores, after a short practice, it can blow a satisfactory song. This instrument of learning costs low, completely self-learning.
Despite the popularity of the instrument Ocarina belong to the public, but it has a strong musical performance, low desolate beauty of elegant Irish whistle, erhu, corresponding professional playing Ocarina can also simulate playing its music rendering power compared with the former compared favorably.
Production of materials
Ocarina of material production lot, clay, porcelain clay, purple, plastic, wood and so on.
Ocarina of production due to the different materials, so the tone and property are not identical.
Smoldering clay ocarina sounds of soft, porcelain clay fired ocarina sounds clear and melodious.
Purple clay ocarina sounds crisp and bright, black pottery tone ranged between smoldering and ceramic ocarina ocarina.
But over the firing of a common drawback ocarina: fear fell brittle.
Plastic ocarina cheap, although they can not be compared with the sound as raw materials in the soil Ocarina, but also strong and durable.
Wood-fired ocarina ocarina tone than soft, but also durable, not afraid of wrestling, not brittle.

2 history
Modern Ocarina source can be traced back to six centuries Mayans and Aztecs imitation birds painted decoration and ritual instruments used in South America.
In South America, Ecuador unearthed a number of clay-fired appliances, making the era around 2000 BC, the analysis found that when people reach the production level of the clay a very high level, these appliances are confirmed and not toys, some of which can play a simple song. After development, in 500-600 BC, the Maya produced Ocarina can play full scale.
Ocarina came to Europe from the Americas in the Spanish occupation in 1527, a group of Mexican Aztec artists to perform on the court of Charles V used the ocarina with whistle mouth. Performance was a great success, giving everyone present left a deep impression, after they became famous, performing regularly throughout Europe, so that more people realize that this instrument.

3 origin of the name
The origins of the name ocarina ocarina, there is a saying that a small village in northern Italy, there was a man named juzeppe budurio baker, often with his cold oven baked clay toys and some new things, and once he fired a there are different types of neck like a sentinel above the mouth of the egg-shaped toys, because like everyday common shape gosling, so named for the “ocarina”, the Italian dialect is “gosling” means. Ocarina of English name “ocarina” is coming from here, transliterated as ocarina, the name a widespread use today.
With the development of free trade and the industrial revolution, the formation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861, 1860 Giuseppe Donati in Italy established the first factory started making ocarinas, they were originally popular Ocarina transformation, see the Italian ten hole ocarina is after that arise. This studio after several transfers, still producing Italian-style ocarina.
Modern submarines seemed ten hole ocarina is made by Italian musician Giuseppe Donati be shaped in 1860 and named.
Ocarina in different parts of the world is called, also known as the ocarina, porcelain flute, flute earth, fire, flute, Yang Xun, sweet flute and so on. From its rich name we can see that many countries have long ago artists research and development over such instruments. For example, South America, the Aztecs (Aztec) and Maya 2,500 years ago there was a bird flute; British in the early 14th century, the invention of antelope horn number (Gemshom); Italian 叶发明 the Oka in the 19th century Lee ocarina (Ocarina).
Internationally popular Ocarina most are mid-19th century Italian people Nati (Giuseppe Donati) submarine-type style design as a reference object. Not only are the first to mention that this instrument named “ocarina” (ie Italian, “gosling” meaning) people, but also opened the first ocarina workshop has designed seven different 10 hole ocarina specifications, and formed the world’s first ocarina band. Ocarina name in the international comparison is generally accepted that follow are taken from mentioning the name – “ocarina.” On the basis of all that mention 10 holes ocarina, and later in Japan, the United States has continued this artist has been improved, so have a 12-hole ocarina ocarina and complex tube.

4 Process Development
Ocarina overseas development
For the first time and during World War II, due to the small size ocarina, easy play, in order to boost morale, the U.S. military began to pop this instrument, in order to facilitate mass production, are generally used plaster or plastic materials, shapes and more use of small shape goose shape and sweet potato. In the “17 his cell,” the film you can see about this ocarina situation.
Twentieth century, the ocarina has spread to the United States and Asian countries.
In Japan, Tianchuan Xiao Ming was still a high school student in Tokyo for the first time saw the German Trade Fair Italian ocarina, left a deep impression, thereby generating a lot of interest. In 1928 the Department of Tokyo University of the Arts sculpture into the study, started making ocarinas, and Italian-style ocarina transformation, on the basis of the original ten hole ocarina on by two semitones by adding holes, making it a species has standardized scale fingering corresponding instrument can play its tune of the “relevant minor” (for example, a C ocarina tune the sound hole with two half-press, that is able to play lower than C B and a sound , C flute that can blow C tune of “relevant minor” A tune), has currently become popular in Japan and Taiwan, according to the twelve hole pattern.
With the popularity of Ocarina of 1963 in London, England John Taylor made ​​the first of a four-hole ocarina, four different sizes of holes like a binary arrangement can be combined sixteen different states, for the first time with a few holes to achieve a more sound. Fingering also different fingering and previous order, using the cross-fingering, in addition to the holes can also be extended to five, six or more holes, the range increases. Now popular tin Ocarina is based on it. In Taiwan’s first popular Ocarina Ocarina Peruvian-style process, but it is not easy to be able to play the sound standards fingering scales, and later improved, Bay ocarina, regular shaped like a drop of water or a heart-shaped style, there are various Ocarina species breed deformed. Taiwan has also developed varieties issued by Chinese characteristics, for example, to manufacture clay Yixing teapot made ​​by the flute, flute purple due to the higher hardness, sound particularly crisp.

There are many places in Taiwan, making Ocarina place, such as a tripod remember Ocarina Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Tangshan flat flute, as well as Zong Han ocarina, ocarina, and so many are honest, sincere Ocarina of which is Chen continued Ocarina developed their own varieties, fingering tin and pop standards are not the same.
Since Ocarina of range is not wide (alto flute tune C A to F can blow twelve degrees), so it was also developed Ocarina lumen, three-chamber, in order to extend its range.
Ocarina of development in the country
In mainland China, “Ocarina” is the name of Taiwan, it is called also follows, Shandong Ocarina making began in 2001 making small quantities in local sales can play nine holes 8 degree range of 5-6 centimeters mud whistle, from the end of 2002, the establishment of workshops tend to 8 hole mass entertainment memorabilia and 4-hole ocarina, established in April 2004 Huaqiang Ocarina Linyi plant, the same year in October, following the opening of the Ningxia 李蕴林 few days later pottery flute website, namely “China Ocarina Network predecessor,” but because of the great quantity of output at the time, and the range of environmental awareness and demand is difficult with echoes, for 8 months after shutting down due to poor operation, re-back to the workshop complex state.
Since the year 2004 there have been more and more Ocarina domestic producers, of which there are several major original production of pottery Xun, cater ocarina, such as Long Yun Lok Square and 李蕴林, its mainstream product because it is applied Xun finger holes, although easy to blow it than Xun fingering trouble.
Part of the producers for fear of trouble making cross fingering on teaching and apply the finger holes arranged in Chinese flute, the flute on the basis of who has a very easy to use, but the range is too narrow.

2005, Xingtai 侯义敏 developed pottery with popular brands of soft wood sound performance
Taiwan is part of tin Ocarina basis through imitation and improvement, inherited the features of this easy to learn and easy to blow Ocarina. For example, Xiamen Yadi Mania SUN Jian-gang making 7 hole ocarina.
Ocarina makers from Taiwan in the mainland province also engage in the production ocarina, new legislation such as Jingdezhen porcelain flute, ocarina these Ocarina production team to play a very important role in the popularity of the Chinese mainland.
May 2005, Xingtai 侯义敏 developed a soft voice with a wooden ocarina drop resistance properties.
March 2010, Hou Yimin designed and manufactured the first domestic Bass BC three Ocarina (wooden ocarina).
November 2010, Hou Yimin designed a three-pipe AG wooden ocarina, ocarina production technology to fill the gap in the field.
December 2010, Hou Yimin designed and manufactured the first domestic branch AF three Ocarina (wooden ocarina).
November 2011, Hou Yimin breaking the original Ocarina production process to produce a wide range of wood ocarina, 12 hole ocarina will range range of 13 degrees from the original tone extended to 16 degrees tone.
February 2013, Hou Yimin designed and manufactured the first domestic AC four Ocarina (wooden ocarina).
March 2013, Hou Yimin designed and manufactured the first domestic branch BC four Ocarina (wooden ocarina).
March 2013, Hou Yimin designed and manufactured the first domestic branch 10C single-tube Ocarina (wooden ocarina), this is also known as heavy ocarina single-tube bass ocarina, the shape of the submarine, the volume is relatively large, long-35CM diameter 15CM, weight about 500 grams, this deep, rich timbre ocarina, quaint mellow. Zhezhi band dedicated Ocarina Ocarina Ocarina is available for the band’s Ocarina Quartet, Septet.
March 2013, Hou Yimin pine as raw material produced economical three series Ocarina (BC, AF, AG and AC), reducing the three Ocarina price threshold, so that the majority can be three Ocarina Ocarina lovers accepted; this series of three tubes of light pine Ocarina weight, easy to carry, while some popular brands vibration resistance. 侯义敏 and broaden the second tube and the third tube Ocarina of this range, enhanced convergence between each tube, so that when playing the adjacent edge of the sound, the player having to frequently change the tube. This ocarina has just been published, they praised the majority of Ocarina enthusiasts.
April 2013, Hou Yimin designed for acoustic ensemble series three Ocarina (BC, AF, AG and AC), which focuses on the whole ensemble, suitable for primary and secondary formation of Ocarina band.
May 2013, Hou Yimin designed 12-hole ocarina playing professionally type of wood.
In terms of research and development production Ocarina of three tubes, Zhao Xiao also made ​​some contribution to promote the three tubes Ocarina of development and progress.
March 2011, Zhao Xiao learn from a variety of sophisticated three Ocarina of production experience, after several design changes and repeated audition, can produce standing three ocarina, which can be of three standing Ocarina in the domestic leading level, this ocarina features:
Three separate sound timbre lumen body lines near unity, especially to solve the problem of convergence bassoon and tenor timbre between the tubes;
Bassoon flat bottom design allows the entire Ocarina standing upright, thus increasing the convenience of the playing Ocarina take place, and this adds to the high-end professional ocarina as ornamental ornaments;
In accordance with the basic fingering diatonic design, but also can play all the chromatic scale, the natural range to achieve full three octaves,
Super blow up to four Ocarina of range, also reached the Western flute range, than the traditional bamboo flute range.
Currently the world’s largest plant is China Jiaxing Ocarina Ocarina elegance, a breakthrough in the production field Ocarina rapid! Currently three bass ocarina is the world’s top products.

5 Specifications species
Range is divided
Ocarina into treble, alto ocarina, bass ocarina.
Treble Ocarina of said symbol S, treble tone ocarina ocarina have C, F tune ocarina, G tune Ocarina, namely SC, SF, SG.
Tenor Ocarina notation of A, C tune tenor ocarina ocarina there, F tune ocarina, G tune Ocarina, namely AC, AF, AG.
Bass ocarina notation of B, C tune bass ocarina ocarina typically, that is BC.
There is another representation symbols:
Treble Ocarina C tune (1C), F tune (3F), G tone (2G).
Tenor Ocarina C tune (4C), F tune (6F), G tone (5G).
Bass Ocarina C tone (7C).
Holes division
4-hole ocarina, 5-hole ocarina, ocarina 6 hole, 7 hole ocarina, ocarina 8 hole, 9-hole ocarina, ocarina 10 holes, 11 holes ocarina, 12 hole ocarina,
There’s even more than 17 holes ocarina. Mostly ordinary Ocarina Ocarina 6 hole and 12-hole ocarina.

6 hole ocarina sounds can blow 10 degrees, using cross-fingering, 12-hole ocarinas can blow 13 degrees sound, using smooth fingering.
Appearance divided
Ocarina craft, painted ocarina, ocarina crack, gun ocarina, ocarina submarine-type, flat ocarina, ocarina spherical, cylindrical ocarina and so on.
Ocarina process is to imitate a variety of shapes produced Ocarina. Such as: Ocarina of animals, plants ocarina, ocarina and other vehicles.
Dividing the number of tubes
Ocarina single tube, double tube ocarina.
Complex pipe ocarina, ocarina includes dual, three and four ocarina ocarina, is more complex meaning. Due to the limited range ocarina, when playing the song beyond its range, in addition to switching to a different tune flute, you can also choose to use the complex pipe ocarina. Complex tube Ocarina Ocarina is based on the increase in the ordinary routine of a tube attached to or more attached tube. Called the head of the main part, the additional part is called the attached tube.

Ocarina common complex tube attached to a single or double tube attached to the tube, the tube attached to a single charge of Ocarina plus two attached tubes have blown holes, two resonance chambers, it is also known as “double-barreled Ocarina” or “dual-chamber Ocarina “Ocarina double attached tube is also known as the” three Ocarina “or” three-chamber ocarina “three blow hole, three resonance cavity. Ocarina complex tube generally has 18 holes, 24 holes and 32 holes in three sizes. Ocarina of this range can reach more than two octaves, but also play the acoustic effects, mainly for professional players use.
Although the complex is equivalent to just a few tube Ocarina Ocarina together, the special nature of their production on the ocarina, in addition to considering the structure of each resonance cavity, hole effect on comfort fingers and other issues, but also to be considered competent and balanced gas pipe attached and timbre. Thus creating a complex tube Ocarina making difficult, low yield, the price is relatively high. Three tube bass ocarina (BC) and midrange three tubes (AF, AG), such Ocarina making difficult, technical requirements, few can produce these types of ocarina manufacturers.
BC three tube bass ocarina ocarina though, but it belongs to baritone vocalist tube sound range, vocal range belongs tenor sound tube attached, suitable for playing pop music this ocarina this ocarina sounds very beautiful .
AC three tenor ocarina belongs to three domestic manufacturers produced three such Ocarina Ocarina mostly, it’s quite the soprano vocal range.
Three AF and AG three pipe tube Ocarina Ocarina, also belong to the tenor ocarina three tubes, three tubes between BC and AC Ocarina Ocarina three pipe between their vocal range, suitable for playing pop music and pop music, because moderate pitch, beautiful lingering tones.
Four tubes Ocarina, there are AC and BC four four-pipe Ocarina Ocarina, there are four separate sound tube, they range close to four 8 degrees, to the highest treble piano sound area, BC four-Tao vocal range has been completely covered flute “seven set,” the range (from bass to treble SC BC Ocarina Ocarina Ocarina of seven teams). Ocarina of four pipe production process is extremely complex, creators and producers are even scarcer.
Taiwan TNG four-ocarina sounds good, get ocarina virtuoso Sojiro praise, but the volume of this ceramic ocarina big, weight is also important, both in terms of promotion and use a lot of inconvenience. March 2013, Hou Yimin use of wood as raw material, weaknesses, developed a lightweight, easy to carry four-tone soft wood ocarina.

6 Learning Ocarina
Playing posture
Positive: sit or stand, the body must correct center of gravity balance, upper body relaxed, not shrug, elbows slightly open.
Side: back naturally straight, can not forward, so keep the body upright ocarina and 45 degrees.
Lip
First mouthpiece gently on the lower lip.
Mouthpiece position between the upper and lower lip, front teeth tight, can not use the front teeth to bite the mouthpiece, it should not contain too deep.
Hand type
Two thumbs up with both hands and hold the back of the sound hole ocarina, ocarina hands index finger on the front two holes, press and hold the middle finger with both hands in front of the next two holes ocarina, in the most natural posture dominated ocarina, not too loose tight so flexible and accurate on / per one sound hole.
Ocarina end of the ring finger with both hands hold the right hand on the left in the next (can not be reversed).
Transport refers to the fingers of the first part of that belly flesh is soft by the hole, not with the fingertips, knuckles must naturally curved bulge, not excessive force is joint concave.
When you try to practice playing Ocarina hanging on his chest to avoid crashing.
Breathing
Ocarina of breathing and breathing normally when speaking is not the same. It requires a “belly” or “thoracoabdominal” breathing method, like to blow out a candle than one meter, not simply the lungs exhaled air through the larynx, but should take a deep breath subconscious and subconsciously guide to the pubic region (a little lower abdomen below the belly button), then it must be a natural relaxation suction, and is thoracoabdominal’s. Feels like a breath of another hill hill shouting companions, the atmosphere must be stretched as far as possible, that is, loudly singing and lyrical chant state. Steady rather than sudden nosedive, not less than 8 seconds when breath exercises, abdominal support and control can breath within 8 seconds, so pronunciation strength Millia. Pronunciation playing Ocarina of quality and artistic appeal depends on whether master the correct breathing methods.

Tonguing method
Tongue has the ocarina playing a very important role: Ocarina pronunciation when needed with the tongue as “TU” (sound: spit, represented by T) or “KU” (voice: bitter, represented by K) action can blow sound full and powerful, can also be used before and after separating the two identical tone. According to certain rules with “TU” “KU” with the pronunciation can also show jumping cheerful music.
Ocarina textbooks
Blow good 12 hole ocarina
This video materials (3DVD) is edited by the Chinese national record Ocarina Orchestra Society vice chairman Lin Ye.
The kit is divided into “basic knowledge articles”, “playing techniques articles” and “enjoy playing chapter” of three parts. From the history of the twelve hole ocarina talk, respectively, both inside and outside the structure, the manufacturing process, the sound area, tone, fingering and selection Ocarina of maintenance and other aspects of a detailed description, in “techniques chapter” emphatically against , the performance level of advanced techniques bottlenecks encountered in the learning process has been resolved ocarina discussed; summed up the “gas, means tongue” learning experience of the three techniques, but also shows the first of the five original Ocarina the track is playing. The textbook content in simple terms, lively and varied forms, timely text comes in surface, illustrated glance. After years of teaching performance practice, the author of twelve hole ocarina understand fully, but also created a such overtones, such as broken spit ocarina playing techniques, and has been fully demonstrated in the textbooks. This is the first set of mainland China launched Ocarina playing video materials, both for beginners and suitable for intermediate and advanced players. With the kit, Ocarina Ocarina enthusiasts homes will be able to learn to play unique skills. China Broadcasting Audio Publishing

Zero basic to expert
Liu Yang after the book is the author summarizes the results of hands-on.
Ocarina beautiful tone, cheap, entry is easy, charming her advantage, attracting a growing number of enthusiasts from all over the world. Although Ocarina easy to learn, but there are insurmountable gap between beginners and ocarina ocarina player, because there are a lot of music theory and technique Ocarina system needs to learn ……
When we mention the learning needs of the system, many beginners discouraged because they have too awkward: no music foundation, Ocarina did not touched, everything is blank, music theory and technique are zero-based …… ocarina
The book spent two years on the problems encountered by beginners Ocarina conducted a survey of the system, they see a large number of professional publications, worked hard to complete the writing of this book.
The book from the perspective of a beginner starting in plain language about the relevant knowledge of music and a variety of ocarina playing skills. For these explain the knowledge, the authors sought to meticulous, systematic, step by step. Of course, this book is not only about music theory and technique ocarina, ocarina playing even with the use of related equipment and computer software, the authors carried out a detailed complaint about.
After beginners to learn the system, can easily understand the relevant knowledge and skills through easy exercises you can easily grasp the knowledge and skills to easily step into the wonderful world of music ocarina.

7 methods and techniques
Playing Methods
Ocarina back with both hands and hold the two thumb holes, index finger and middle finger holding down the front vent.
Ring finger to gently hold the bottom of the ocarina, ocarina prevent falling when the whole place a finger.
To gently press the pores, not with the fingertips, just note that there should be no gap, do not be too hard.
Playing skills
Mouthpiece to his lips and gently latch not contain too deep, so cover the vents.
Manner appropriate to the pubic region of blowing force (abdominal) stable sent, one can avoid too much saliva, two can produce vibrato effects, more melodious flute rhyme.
Playing long tones, requiring steady volume, can not suddenly large and small, between the sound and tone to smooth connection not intermittent.
Short tone and accent requires the use of “kick tongue” technique, the tip of the tongue against the upper palate teeth and gums phase at the instant when the tongue is retracted blowing like to read phonetic symbols “ㄊ ㄨ”, as such clean and powerful sound, sounds lively and joyous feeling.

Portamento: opening and closing of stomata, the general is to directly improve the fingers, scale instantly converted, another way is to slowly slide your finger to the outside Ocarina open, so you can produce beautiful portamento.
Sleek tone: between two or more different high notes with “” mark, this mark becomes sleek lines, full blown string notes blowing it is connected with the breath, the middle air uninterrupted, note that the first sound still kicking tongue!
Tremolo gas: gas tremolo means changes in wind flow used to make the sound emitted fluctuations, resulting in a trembling feeling, so called gas vibrato, by abdominal control, also known as belly tremolo.
Respiratory: Use abdominal breathing method is a more scientific method of breathing, roughly divided into two steps, breathing faster, abdominal joint action to do so quickly sucked more abdominal gas, port can also be used to assist breathing.
Buying advice
Optional Ocarina of tin
There is no basis for the music, they do not want to learn a complex instrument of the people, of course, 6 hole ocarina is a good choice, as well as some of the developing child, slender fingers, to self Ocarina, 12 Hole Ocarina direct control or not easy, then the 6-hole ocarina is a good choice, the 6-hole ocarina, ocarina lot belonging to the process, in addition to the instrument itself, the other is beautiful crafts, have a good collection and appreciation value.
There is also a tonal tin Ocarina of points, such as AF, AC, SF, SC, also of the bass, midrange and treble, Ocarina of high and low tones, the size is different, Ocarina big bass, treble Ocarina small tenor ocarina in between.
In general, buy 6 hole ocarina, mostly to buy alto ocarina (AC), moderate pitch, size ocarina is also moderate.
Tenor Ocarina (AF) volume ratio tenor ocarina (AC) large, because a large surface area, so the process design more beautiful, deep voice, Ruqirusu for plaintive music, but because of the range 6 hole ocarina narrow, so apply this ocarina music and accompaniment relatively less, difficult to control such a finger hole ocarina big flavor than the tenor ocarina (AC) and treble Ocarina harder.
Treble Plastic Ocarina (SC), for young people is a good choice, first it sounds beautiful, elegant and melodious voice, and resistance to vibration and drop, the price is cheap, manufacturers and ocarina music with this easy to use ocarina , relaxed self.
Optional second hole Ocarina
Ocarina beginner, you can skip the 6 hole ocarina, direct purchase of 12-hole ocarina, ocarina if learning must start from the 6 hole ocarina, then this argument would be too paranoid, many training institutions Ocarina direct training 12 hole ocarina, ocarina learned a lot of people find that 12-hole ocarina fingering than 6 hole ocarina fingering simple, 12-hole ocarina fingering is smooth fingering, 6 hole Ocarina of cross-fingering, 12 hole pottery flute fingering learn and easy to remember.
Range than the range of 12-hole ocarina 6 hole ocarina wide (12-hole ocarina generally blow 13 sounds, 6 hole ocarina can blow 10 tones), and the 12-hole ocarina coherence in the range of 6 hole ocarina on less three tone tune with middle C, for example, 12 holes more than 6 bass bass holes 6 and 7 both bass sounds (breath control is weak 6 hole can barely blow bass 7) , more than treble treble 4 (can blow strong blow when the treble 4); another 12 holes each tune is more than six holes with two contrabass tune, one of the highest tone.
Beginners buy Ocarina, the best choice tenor ocarina (AC), mostly Ocarina training institutions keen on training 12 hole tenor ocarina, relatively speaking, tenor ocarina breath easy to grasp, but for slender fingers the pupils, 12-hole ocarina finger holes big fingers not cover the holes, playing a sound pitch error, then 12 hole tenor ocarina is not suitable for them, you can choose treble F Ocarina (SF for them ) as an entry ocarina.
12 holes on the ocarina, the good ocarina, bass rounded soft, elegant and crisp treble, treble and perfect performance (not easily punctured sound), Ocarina of different brands, performance is not exactly the same, and some pottery do not need to stoop treble flute blowing, it is relatively easy to learn for beginners, but we can not say that the treble without overlooking the need to stoop to blow better than Ocarina Ocarina, but due to differences between the producer and the pursuit of design ideas.

Ocarina performance is almost the same price, for example, and the same paragraph smoldering Ocarina Ocarina Ocarina sea wave, their sound insignificant, upscale Ocarina both appearance and tone are better than low ocarina. Ocarina has the material of the points, there are ceramic and porcelain Ocarina Ocarina, ceramic ocarina sounds better than porcelain ocarina, the price is higher than the latter, but the appearance of porcelain better ocarina in earthen ocarina. But Ocarina of two fatal flaw is the fear of throwing a lot of Ocarina Ocarina wrestling fans have experienced, slim protection lanyard only play a supporting role, the best hand to support the ocarina, if there is no auxiliary lanyard protection, once fell to the ground to get rid of, ocarina inevitably be destroyed. To prevent accidents, Ocarina enthusiasts can spread foam on the ground floor tiles, fell to the ground to prevent Ocarina break.
Ruggedness are some Ocarina: Ocarina of wood and plastic ocarina.
12 hole ocarina is a good choice of wood, from the tone of speaking, with the smoldering wood Ocarina Ocarina insignificant, good wood prices Ocarina Ocarina than smoldering wood Ocarina due to material and workmanship the different prices are not the same, the smaller the star, the better the material, the higher the price. Wide range of wood ocarina, have their own super-blowing performance alone, this 12-hole ocarina ocarina will range range of 13 degrees from the original tone extended to 16 degrees tone. It’s vocal range is equivalent to AC double-barreled ocarina, but the price is lower than the latter three hundred yuan.
Ocarina playing professional staff can also buy 12-hole professional playing Ocarina type of wood, the ocarina full bass, the sound does not need a weak attachment hole blown, two additional holes in the volume and the volume of the main hole perfect convergence, this Ocarina for professional performance and professional studio recording songs. This ocarina also has drawbacks: Ocarina than ordinary gas consumption, not suitable for teaching and training, but for a professional playing staff for this shortcoming is negligible.
12-hole plastic ocarina, shatterproof, easy to maintain, but the market’s 12-hole plastic ocarina sounds flat.
Bass Ocarina (BC), suitable for blowing deep, rich, bleak melancholy song; tenor ocarina (AF, AG, AC) suitable for playing pop music and pop music; Treble Ocarina (SC), small size, penetration, and can simulate birds.
Economic conditions are good ocarina enthusiasts can purchase a family of four (AC, SF, SG, SC) or a seven-piece set (BC, AF, AG, SF, SG, SC), the need to add is: AF and AG, SF and SG range of small differences, mainly tonal difference. What kind of tone you want to use the Ocarina of tune with the corresponding accompaniment.
Voice problems. The smaller the higher the pitch of ocarina playing sound more sharp, more crisp tone; Conversely, the lower the greater the ocarina tones, sounds more heavy, more mellow tone.
Ocarina tune of some 12 holes lengthened and also of round two, the difference between these two Ocarina mainly on tone: Round shaped in appearance fatter parts treble, playing out Some bass sound more mellow; lengthened playing treble easier.
In fact, the price to buy Ocarina mainly balance between timbre and tone, good flute natural price will be expensive, but compared to other instruments, Ocarina is still relatively easy to learn and relatively inexpensive.
Multiple purchase Ocarina
Multiple ocarina, as the name suggests, is to have multiple independent sound tube ocarina, ocarina is, twin-tube, three ocarina, four ocarina.
Compared to single-tube Ocarina (Ocarina tin, twelve hole ocarina), a multi-tube Ocarina vocalist tube, and attached to the sound tube, multi-tube Ocarina Ocarina wider range than a single tube, and some tunes range range range range beyond the single tube Ocarina of player swapping method does not take much to play, or re-use of other types of ocarinas. But if there is an appropriate multi-tube ocarina, then an ocarina can be completely sufficient.
What people buy and use multiple tubes suitable for Ocarina of it? There Ocarina basis, and no basis for children and beginners ocarina, ocarina need to learn under the guidance of professional teachers and ocarina enthusiasts. Do not impulse buy multiple tube Ocarina directly, to avoid wasting money.
Ocarina cost-effective to buy a few tubes? Dual ocarina, ocarina three or four Ocarina? Of course, the pipe, the more the more broad range, from playing practical point of view, to buy three and four ocarina ocarina most cost-effective, the vast majority of the song can be played, super range of songs rarely (certainly not with compared to the piano), but there is a problem: Ocarina of heavier weight, the higher the price. Dual Ocarina relatively lighter, cheaper prices, can be applied to most of the songs, but there are a lot of songs range beyond the scope of the double-barreled Ocarina. If you buy a double-barreled ocarina, ocarina best buy AC double-barreled, SG dual ocarina, less applicable to music, practical difference.
If you buy three tubes best Ocarina Ocarina priority AC three tubes, the vast majority of manufacturers are three tube Ocarina Ocarina AC three tubes, tubes Ocarina of up to three users AC, AC three tubes suitable accompaniment Qu also more than other types of three tubes ocarina. AC three pipe market in the most common ceramic ocarina, which is characterized by clear and melodious, their drawback is a little heavy, heavy in his hand, and fear fell fragile, the surface is very smooth, the hand sweating, easy get rid of fall, so the user when using this type of practice and playing ocarina, to take the necessary measures to protect against falls (see “second hole Ocarina of purchase”).
Ceramic AC three more influential, there are two: AC three Ocarina (smoldering) and AC three Ocarina (matt white). Three smoldering Ocarina suitable for playing classical-style song, priced at about 1,880 yuan (May 2013); three matte white Ocarina suitable for playing modern music, priced at about 2,480 yuan (May 2013).
Buy AC three pipe Ocarina, you can also consider AC three-tube wood ocarina, ocarina three tube light texture of wood, portable anti-drop, and occasionally fell to the ground, will not be damaged under normal circumstances. The balance of the three main tubes attached to wooden ocarina tube well, sound equalizer, the player does not have to deliberately drive down the volume of the tube attached. AC three popular type of wood Ocarina of about 1,300 yuan (May 2013), the relative of three ceramic ocarina, the gentle sound of this ocarina, ocarina fit three starters, three Ocarina amateur players practice and play, but this is not suitable for Ocarina Ocarina professional performance and professional music recording, this situation needs to choose a more upscale Ocarina AC three wood, wood texture determines the wooden ocarina sounds, production of high-grade timber wooden ocarina strong bass, treble crisp.
Three tubes Ocarina AG, mellow tone for the songs have a good performance, because of the complexity of the production process, the production of high difficulty, the market is relatively small AG ocarina, ceramic materials AG three pipe smoldering Ocarina price about 3300 yuan – 3500 yuan (May 2013); popular type of wood Ocarina AG three tube about the price of 1400 yuan.
BC three three ocarina ocarina and AF, they belong to baritone and tenor vocal range, suitable for playing pop music and pop music, melodious, but few manufacturers produce ceramic ocarina BC three Ocarina and AF three Ocarina, we also buy BC three ceramic materials and AF three ocarina ocarina. But not let Ocarina disappointed that BC can buy three wooden ocarina and AF three wooden ocarina, universal BC three wooden ocarina price of about 1,700 yuan (May 2013), universal type AF three wooden ocarina price of about 1,600 yuan (May 2013).

Four tubes can belong Ocarina Ocarina enthusiasts the ultimate goal to pursue, and for four pipe Ocarina Ocarina Ocarina playing professionals and enthusiasts, it is necessary to purchase and collection of ceramic materials in four tubes Ocarina domestic difficult to buy, you need to overseas order, priced at about 8,800 yuan — 12,000 yuan, of course, a huge volume, equivalent to the weight of a heavy porcelain altar, poor portability, the players, the comfort of using the poor.
But four different wood on the ocarina, and ceramic four comparison, its size and weight are acceptable ocarina player, even a weak figure girl holding this four wooden pottery flute also effortlessly, four wooden ocarina design avant-garde fashion, individuality.
Universal BC four wooden ocarina price of about 2,700 yuan (May 2013), universal AC four wooden ocarina price of about 1,700 yuan (May 2013).

8 Ocarina playing
With twelve hole ocarina Japanese popular in Japan, and has appeared in many famous ocarina player. Sojiro is one of them, to 1985, the number in the 10 years he produced more square, which support the use of more than a dozen carefully selected. 1985 issue of the first album, 1986 at NHK special program “Big Yellow” music became a hit, and became a sought-after actor. After the original album are issued each year, while the sale of the album, also organized a concert tour around the country. Nature, published in 1993 trilogy album — “Wood Road”, “wind” and “water Heart” won the 35th Japan Record Award “Planning Award.” Always maintain closeness with nature, the earth, constantly active in the concert, composer and creative activities. For most Chinese listeners recognize Sojiro is because the 1995 TVB drama <Condor Heroes> in using one of his “home of the original landscape” as the soundtrack, fresh and melodious tones lead many people everywhere find this song’s author.
When it comes to the development of Chinese ocarina, there are two people can not help mentioning this is Mr. Mr. Zhou Zailei and study tours Chi, both are very prestigious profession in Ocarina of people, sub-Lui established in the country more than a dozen “Tao flute commune, “and in 2011 for the first time let Ocarina held at the National Theatre,” Millennium Fuga “Ocarina world famous concerts in 2012 and for the first time allow Chinese Ocarina boarded the stage of the Golden Hall in Vienna, Austria! [2] for the development of China Ocarina make an irreplaceable contribution! Mr. Xue Zhi played on tour to promote Taiwan ocarina a big role, both to promote the development of Ocarina played an irreplaceable role to date a lot of ocarina music album.
China Beijing 798 Art District Ocarina Art Salon, will be done with Ocarina centric interpretation of the world around Ocarina of Friends will meet famous flute, ocarina famous special mini concerts, exhibitions and other parts of the world Ocarina Ocarina related services.
Talking about the history of Beijing 798 Art District, must begin with the new industrialization in China, where Beijing 798 Art Zone is located, is the construction of the new China, “fifteen” period “Beijing North China wireless joint equipment factory”, ie 718 Joint Factory.

Violin can be broadly divided into violin, viola, cello as well as double bass, these four stringed instruments have many similarities, such as the shape name, etc., but to talk about a different point, it is too numerous to mention, for example, the volume size, bomb in this way, etc., etc. …… playing sound principles stringed instrument to trace its origin, it should be the original ancestors after hunting or war victory dance after midnight, inspired by the sound of the bowstring to produce the most prototype stringed instruments. Then, because the chord length, thickness, different degrees of tension have different sound effects, and to develop the two strings (such as erhu), three strings (eg sanxian), four strings (such as the violin), five strings (as some large-fold Division), six strings (such as guitars), eight strings (eg mandoline) and other wide variety of stringed instruments.

1 Basic Definitions
Words: violin
Pinyin: tí qín
1 stringed instrument. A violin.
Ming Xiling long “Hibiscus shadow Chun preserves”: “This is a wonderful vegetarian aunt Suppan cleared off the song, even take violin flute pipe, the cable drama series, are all fine.” Xu Ke “clean barnyard class notes · Music · violin “:” violin, logs for the tank, and empty on its next take python, consistent groove bamboo handle, the handle end of the dragon head carved wood, handle a small ring, and through four strings in which the groove surface is flat, set the column in order of the strings. bamboo bow, horsetail double strings, and rolling between the. ”
2 stringed instrument. Violin, viola, cello, double bass in general. Also refers to a single violin.
Ba Jin “new”: “She’s as soft bottom like a violin sound to flow into the bottom of my heart, I felt I was going to cry.” Wei Wei “Oriental” fourth part of the second two chapters: “Xu Fang knew his heart sad, think be alone, they sighed, his backpack, violin, went back to the village alone. ”
3 refers to the four strings to pull strings, such as: Four Hu, Hu Ge and so on.
Violin

If the set you want to violin musical instruments looking for some evolution evolution traces the course of history in it, then its ancestor when the Sri Lankan geographical Joseph Finnerty Adams Tsuen (Ravanastron), Arab 冉芭 (Rabab), Central Asia geographical grams Manci (Kamantche), Rebecca Pyrenean peninsula area (Rebec) and other ancient musical instrument has its roots. The development of the European regions around the twelfth century AD, there is a man named Vea (medieval stringed) instrument, there must be a more intimate kinship with violin musical instruments. Its shape even letters spelling are a lot of similarities with the violin.
Violin

Violin (violin) is a stringed musical instruments ming wipe outs. It is widely spread in the world, is the most important group of modern string orchestra instruments. It plays in a very important position in instrumental music, is the backbone of the modern symphony orchestra, and it is highly solo instrument playing skills. Emergence of the modern violin than 300 years of history, its production in itself is a very sophisticated technology. It sounds similar to the human voice, for the performance of gentle, warm, lively, brilliant and even the most dramatic of strong feelings. For centuries, the world famous composer writing a lot of classic violin, violin virtuoso on this instrument developed a superb performance art. Both violin ensemble, and can be solo.
The violin is a four stringed musical instrument strings, is the main violin and treble family members (the other members of the family are: viola, cello and double bass). Modern violin originated in Italy Crane Mona, in 1600-1750 years to become the largest center of violin making. Notably: Amati, Stradivari, and Guarneri; their musical instruments made ​​today are priceless. Five degrees violin is tuned: g, d1, a1, e2, range over three and a half set, is essential for all regular orchestra instruments.

Andre earliest violin is an Amati designer (Andrea Amati, 1525 年 ~ 1611) and Gus Paro – up – Salo (Gasparo Da Salo, 1542 年 ~ 1609). As the two of them had been working together in different historical documents have a different point of view: a saying that Amati mainly up – Salo is deputy; while another view is just the opposite. If we consider Andre – Amati than up – Salo older 17 years old, seems to reach – Salo should be worked under the guidance of Amati. Because at that time, seniority will represent the authority. However, this is just speculation. This inference, the designer should be the first violin Andre – Amati’s view is preferable.
Naruto rubbed string instrument played. Family of violin music, a violin shape and structure is basically the same, just slightly larger body. Five degrees is tuned c, g, d1, a1 piano typically 42.5 cm length. Viola sound more solid than the violin, warm and full, fingering and bowing with a violin basically the same. Viola from lower than middle C octave C starting five degrees each string spacing interval, followed by C, G, D and A sound, five degrees lower than the violin, while the higher octave than the cello. As a solo instrument, it lacks the deep and powerful sound brilliant violin and cello, and violin and cello as good as when playing concertos and the band can be contest. So the composer wrote for the viola concerto rare (common in the violin).
Viola

Viola (Viola) name, from Old Cello (Viola da gamba). Cello is an ancient pull sandwiched between two legs playing musical instruments. But in fact the ancient Viola (Viola da braccio) is the predecessor of the viola and violin, the viola is because the ancient pull outs on her shoulders. The development and history of the viola and violin is very similar, but in the case of missing violin solo adaptability and had the status of residence accompaniment, so that the sound will be played in harmony.
In the eighteenth century, the last two decades, many musicians gradually admit viola unique and beautiful sound, so commonly used in Hayden and Mozart’s String Quartet. But when used as a solo instrument, it sounds unique, full of twang like stringed instrument, issued a deep and mysterious voice. This feature is used by many of China’s outstanding composers, make plus mute dances imitating the sound of the viola, played in “Gada Meilin,” “Yufeng Miles,” “Prairie Song” solo or symphony, etc. huge role, give people a fresh feeling. Because the viola unique sound, so in the symphony, mostly in the middle part, often with violin, cello, along with the completion of the main theme, mostly off the main.
19th century, N · Paganini received an A. Stradivari made ​​viola, H · Berlioz as it wrote a symphony “Harold in Italy.” Berlioz not only wrote very exciting solo viola and viola part of the band have written very good. Since the 20th century, the emergence of L · Tedi Si, W · P · primrose and viola player such as Hindemith. W · Walton was Tedi Si, B · Bartok as Primrose wrote “Viola Concerto.” Hindemith wrote four viola concerto, played by him personally. Artistic development from playing viola, in chamber music, especially string quartets, the only fully played its artistic expression.
However, little has been playing viola in the attention, even if, like Beethoven so good at developing a unique musical personality Masters, also meet in the viola remain at the level of subordinate part. This situation even affect student learning viola enthusiasm. There is always this argument, not a violin school who was forced to turn diverted to engage viola. If Viola is a crappy instrument, the viola only rationing incompetent use. The fact is certainly not the case. Seoul representative composers of the rainy French Revolution in his opera “Houdar”, the start to finish without the violin, but the basic part and the highest strings to play the viola. This initiative may inspire the creation phase Liao hereby wish. 28 years later, that is, in 1843, Berlioz wrote his “Harold in Italy”, the title of this work is dedicated to Berlioz Paganini played with symphony viola help. But too Paganini solo viola part is too quiet, and always were not interested. Later this work by Paganini students Sivori be premiered. In fact, “Harold in Italy” is Berlioz dismally to make, viola plays the hero in the title on the inside, Luoluoguahe, there is lots to talk about the mind of a belly. For a violin for the protagonist, is too bright; cello it, and too sad; Viola is deeply touching is appropriate. This works in the 19th century viola literature can be said to be the only solution for a while. But then again, lower status in the history of the viola, and really sort of relationship itself. We know that the violin and cello are in the hands of Stradivari violin teacher of stereotypes. Viola had no such luck. Viola’s size in a long time do not have a general recognition. You do not find me too big, that I suspect you do small. French half of the 19th century violin teacher Victoria Willow Farm, had created a number of powerful sound fullness viola, but unfortunately due to the larger size has not been received, has been shelved. 19th century, Tedi Si (1876-1975) rose to engage viola playing career, life stopped working. He designed and manufactured sixteen and three quarters inches Tedi Si-type viola, viola be to set a relatively modest figure.

Cello
Orchestra cello is essential tenor or bass stringed instrument. In the orchestral playing in the cello part is often highly melodic phrases, also co-responsible with double bass bass part harmony. It is also very loved by the people of the solo instrument.
Application clef: bass clef or alto clef, tenor clef.
Similar to the violin, but a lot of the big piano, the standard height of about 48 inches (1.2 m is about), Bows thicker and shorter, is tuned an octave lower than the viola.
Materials:
Piano: wooden structure, with maple and spruce wood is manufactured with the best raw timbre;
Strings: wire;
Bows: ponytail.
Cello’s history dates back to the late 16th century, is something called “Bass 维奥尔 piano” or “between the knee 维奥尔 piano” (Viola de gamba) 15th-century instrument evolved. 维奥尔 piano cello like a big volume, arc not so obvious, but when you play may be sandwiched between the knees, like a cello bow bowed so.
Cello was originally spelled in Italian Violoncello, then gradually abbreviated Cello. Cello its warm and rich tone known, is a symphony orchestra in one of the most common instruments. Suited to play a variety of roles: sometimes added bass camp, issued a heavy sigh in the bass; sometimes places in the middle two strings play the role of rhythmic backbone. Cello most glorious moment, given its performance to the number of composers cantabile melody mission. The whole group to play the cello wonderful melodies, enough to make any other orchestra instruments to shame.

Double bass (also known as the big bass, double bass)
Double bass, strings rub Ming played musical instruments. Also known as the double bass. Violin family, the largest and lowest pronunciation bowed stringed instrument. It is the backbone of the band sound, basic rhythmic foundation. Bass about 180 to 220 cm high, the lower end of a pillar, the shape of a cello. When you want to play the piano on the floor, standing or leaning on a high stool to play. Double bass tune a stringed instrument is four degrees, four strings are E, A, D, G, in order to avoid too much on the table plus bass clef line, its sound than the actual notation one octave lower. Sometimes adding the first five strings, set tone for the C, or in the neck of the instrument to add a mechanical device, lengthening the E string, so that it can play the following C tone. Skilled performers can greatly exceed the natural range of the instrument by using the overtone above. Use two double bass bow, one is French bow, called the Great Sydney bow. Another known or German Seaman del bow, which has a long, thin rod, a wide buckle hand, the hand holding the stick lever below (palms up). More use of double bass pizzicato, a feature that makes it more than other stringed instruments in the orchestra in addition to playing the role of foreign dance bands and jazz bands also become an important rhythm instrument.
Select

When you buy a violin when you first faced the problem is: how to choose? What is good? Although it is not such a problem can be concise answer, but as long as you can by the way we teach you the following carefully to do it, you spend a higher price will greatly reduce the possibility of defects. Identification violin general, not only have the knowledge on production, it can be proficient in the process, and should also have a certain playing techniques, in order one by one from the material, production and sound quality and other aspects. Violin in a foreign country as the “Queen of the instrument.” A better quality violin, should reach the following a few basic requirements: strict selection panel texture straight, uniform color than white, elastic; tight back and neck stiff material, the pattern is clear that the best pattern backplane have regularly arranged symmetrically, commonly known as “tiger piano.” Sophisticated technology, piano lines, symmetry, outline clear, beautiful shape; handle upright piano, the piano should handle the midpoint of the piano with the midpoint of a straight line, piano glued firmly; paint adhesion, color clear, transparent, clean appearance. Sound wonderful, pristine sound quality, clarity, no noise, husky tone or wood tone; beautiful sound, clear, harmonious melody; pronounce each zone balancing continuity; volume loud. Heart to buy a violin, violin must have some knowledge and knowledge of music. Following is a brief knowledge of the violin.
Panel: use spruce. Spruce than other wood has many features, its mainly:
①, firm texture and light itself, between the ring (spring wood) texture is very soft, but it rings (texture autumn wood) is very hard, and flexible, not only to resist the pressure and easy vibrating strings. So has the best audio performance.
②, sound propagation speed, fast and elastic vibration than other wood conduction along the lines of its sound transmission speeds of up to 5166 meters per second, compared with the propagation of sound in air velocity (350 meters per second) more than 14 times faster, they are able to use the pronunciation violin sensitive and effective.
③, high frequency energy (3000-5000 cycles / sec or more) pronunciation generate a damping effect (vibration damping effect is the phenomenon disappears in the timber, the timber friction between molecules to generate each). This is another wood that fall. Spruce scale damping effect can increase with frequency, small low-frequency sound damping, while those not some high frequency overtones violin (that is, those with discordant tone pitch), then generates a strong damping effect so that they weaken, allowing the piano melody.
Senior piano texture should be upright, uniform density, fibrous tissue must be tightly, soft and elastic, does not allow scar section, resin pockets and patches. Spruce panel central ring count to 5-8 per centimeter grid for the gifted, the widest edge ring is not more than 3 mm in the 20 mm range adjacent to, changes in ring width not greater than 1.5 mm, ring width changes in the panel should not exceed 2 mm, each ring in the autumn timber of not more than 30% of the width of the entire autumn wood panel should be similar between the rings. Practice has proved that: Texture from 2 mm and uniform pronunciation best. The pros and cons of the violin sound quality is the key to the choice of the panel. For the perfect tone for the relentless pursuit of the violin, violin lark senior piano produced by the company are used only after a rigorous selection panel and testing, but also must be more than a decade after natural drying quality spruce, but also a small amount of natural drying five years of good material, but the growing shortage of resources, over 50 years old have been difficult to get the material.
Intermediate upright violin textures, density uniformity, not allowed to have a section scar, resin pockets and patches.
Poor grade violin textures generally upright, uniform, allowing a small amount of scar section, resin capsule and fillings. Diameter plate must be cut, you should use the health, material quality and remove the side skin, pith wood.
Each grade violin wood defects allowable range is as follows:

Each grade violin Material:
Bass beams, frets, both wood, piano and horn wood strips (all within the abdominal cavity piano) should use the same quality materials and panels can be observed through the f-holes
Back

Maple hard texture and flexible to use maple Branch, color wood, timber features:
⒈ easy to vibration, sound and rapid transmission of high frequency noise damping effect
⒉ fine texture, appearance beautiful, beautiful emerged after cutting diameter lug (tiger stripes)
Selection criteria and the panel should also be the same, with healthy wood, some people like to use wood to produce material curled back, more violin piano backplane users mistakenly believe that the more flowers, the piano, the better, reason is that the system they mostly like a good musician with a sound performance of the panel with a beautiful look back, in fact, on the back, the wood material curled audio performance than its straight grain material, and a piano it is based on the merits of the identified sound. I have seen a few collections in Japan, Vivaldi, backplane no pattern, cutting is also very casual, not even a little scar there are several sections on a few Vivaldi back, but can be a wonderful piano sounds very for the role of each backplane say no one, I think it is important that age is inanimate, the width is uniform along the grain texture, material health, uniform color, natural drying time is long enough. Effect on the entire back of the violin, although not as important to the panel, but it still has a role, it makes the violin has a fixed volume of air.
When the panel vibrates through the frets, side panels and the piano in the air conduction, vibration also will be back, so that the piano has been strengthened, in particular to enable G, D two powerful chord pronunciation while back shoulder a lot of power generated from the four strings. Experiments show that, if not installed violin back (there is no air capacity) only in the back of the original location of a coat of wood and branches between the frets and wood panel, piano will be significantly weakened, voice will changed. Moreover, although weak vibration backplane itself, but also in the high frequency sound waves radiated within. Are different back panel thickness, and it fit properly, will affect the violin’s sound, which are important to clarify the backplane.
Back also and the same panel, the use of double-width of the fight practice is also common to separate plate on the back material, it is because when the block material due to a huge tree trunk and the choice of materials can be cut out independent board, it must be noted that, with a double width to fight alone or with a plate, there is not much impact on the sound of the piano, piano head back and sides should use the same material. Backplane wood panel defect tolerance range and the same. Side headstock and use the same code piano backplane material timber.

2 identify the type of piano
Two world today recognized as the best piano type as follows:
Adams-style piano features are: the Ministry of relatively narrow body small piano, the lower the more lenient, central bend slightly darker, not only outline commensurate lines are beautiful. Qin large flat plate, minimal curvature of the middle thick, but gradually expanded to the surrounding thin down, near the edge of the side panel of the thinnest, because the panel thickness moderate, so easy to vibration. Adams style piano pronunciation strong, loud sound, beautiful tone, and spreads very effective. People often mellow, subtle, rich and pure, such as words to describe its sound.
Melon-style piano features are: piano sheet radian small, relatively flat, middle panel thickness difference with the surrounding small upper and middle Biscay piano-style piano wide, round the waist rather than the deep bend. Adams does not like piano-style piano corner as protruding lower piano narrow vents open too long and chic design, large headstock and majestic style, because only concerned melon style piano piano pronunciation effect, so the piano beautiful appearance is slightly lower than Adams style, but strong piano strong vibration plate, deep sonorous pronunciation, and spreads good special effects. Andean music and only in accordance with the type and style of melon sized violin.
Crafts
Violin making high technological requirements, so machining only produce the cheapest general level piano, all the good piano are handmade. Choice should note the following:
⒈ whole line is smooth, uniform, moderately rounded edges and corners;
⒉ side and face, back gluing edge is neat same width;
⒊ headstock and fingerboard are honest;
⒋ fingerboard height is correct (after alignment strings, fretboard section outside the arc with the lower panel seam 21 mm ± 1);
Are ⒌ backplane pattern symmetry (in terms of senior piano);
⒍ board radians and sound hole position is symmetrical;
⒎ piano plates glued joints are tight, no black line;
⒏ inlay line is neat, elegant paint colors, uniform, smooth surface bright, shiny through the end grain is revealed;
⒐ piano is firmly cemented, the easiest way is to stabilize the neck with one hand, the other hand knuckles tapping panel around the piano, listening to the sound it emitted as sound as a pound of fat sound , is glued in good condition, if the issue is a shell shell sound, it proved degumming.
Senior violin, you should use oil-soluble natural resin varnish, the general level violin can use alcohol-soluble natural resin varnish, synthetic resin varnish.
Chord
Strings on the violin strings are used, it should be said that this is a part of the country is still weak. On the one hand is a bit of the pitch is not very accurate, then there are problems timbre aspects have yet to be common to study and resolve.
The bridge
The bridge is on a very delicate violin parts, the material directly affect the piano sound, it must be an excellent choice of material chord horse.
Tone quality
The merits of the violin sound quality is the most fundamental identification, but only have a certain playing techniques, while well-known violin tone right talent has some grasp.
⒈ volume: loud, of course, with the right approach to get a pull-outs can be high according to the bits piano, and try to pull it, especially the G, D two strings, as in the position to play a high voice still soft loud, it shows the piano pronunciation is ideal. On the contrary, such a harsh squeak is the piano placed on parts where there is improper, even ordinary violin class can not have a significant noise.
Four chord sound evenly. Violin range in various frequency ranges intensity should be uniform, or uniform, should not be a particularly strong voice and some sounds particularly weak. Especially on the low frequency sound G, D have two resounding chord. Minimum requirements should also be four strings no significant differences. Those who pronounce loud and even piano, melodious sounds. Otherwise pronunciation weak or strong or weak and the poor, do not sound nice or harsh.
⒉ Voices: Violin due to differences in materials, manufacturing method, size, strings, paint and assembly but also in the very different tone, treble senior piano must have pure soft, deep powerful bass fullness, and to pronounce subtle and focused. Specific to each string on the E string requires clear, bright, A string soft cantabile, D chord and elegant, G chord deep deep. Piano sounds so mellow and beautiful, without any noise.
⒊ uniform harmonic: Violin all the bits five octave harmony must not be a difference, Violin & P should not have significant differences. It also requires four violin strings pronunciation sensitive vibration conduction fast, can not have slow phenomenon. And vibration to last a long, slow decay. The above methods of identification that you understand or if you are not very familiar with, can also be the most convenient confinement method selection.