Chinese ancient musical instruments Xun

Xun’s history

According to archaeologists, research, historic musical instruments in China, unearthed in Xi’an Banpo site Xun, China has so far found one of the earliest wind instruments, which saw about 7000 years ago and prosperity matriarchal society civilization.

Xun early prototype is called “Stone Meteor hunting tools. This tool was originally used to project hit birds and animals, but because there will be naturally formed stone natural cavity or hole, which wind through the pores on the issue of a nice voice, gradually people began to use it to play music, So this stone meteor slowly evolved into a musical instrument – Xun.

Qin and Han dynasties, the ancient palace of gagaku Xun.

Chinese ancient musical instruments Xun
The type and characteristics of the Xun

Initially, Xun made of stone or clay, the most primitive Xun only blow hole, there is no sound hole, the subsequent emergence of the tone holes. With the progress of the times and the needs of the playing Xun constant innovation, the development of earthen shape has become as diverse as the flat round, oval, spherical, fish-shaped and pear-shaped, the process is also increasingly the more delicate, such as the Tang Dynasty pottery Xun terracotta carved Xun, monster Xun, the faces of the people Xun, painted dragon of Xun …… Xun sound hole is gradually increased, by a single hole to the second hole, three-hole, five-hole, until BC the end of the third century, there was even a six-sound hole Xun. Word of the National Palace Museum collection of red paint cloud Xun, high 8.5cm abdominal diameter 7cm, as a special pottery Xun.

Xun tone deep, plaintive, pathos, endless, known as the sound of the beginning of autumn reputation. Its unique charm often makes people think of the golden autumn, or will accompanied by a faint sadness, it is adding a bit of food for thought, a bit of melancholy. As a result of this natural and harmonious sounds of nature, specially designed to meet the aesthetic of the ancient scholars, and thus Xun not only widespread in the ordinary people, but also popular with the ruling class and respected men of letters. Xun is a very important instrument in the ancient Chinese palace. According to the relevant records in the early Warring States Period Xun is widely used in court festival, commonly used in ensemble or solo. At that time, according to the size of the different and use different Xun divided into Song Xun and Ya Xun.

“Book of Songs”: “Borrelia blowing Xun, Chung’s blown bamboo flute, the the Xun Chi ensemble sound, the soft yet high-pitched, deep among them are bright, they echoed each other, complement each other, playing a sacred and elegant, mysterious noble and unique quality of the music. The Xun Chi combination of long-term active in the ancient court music which is intended to act as brothers harmony.

Today, the progress of history turn Xun pushed into a new era, the modern prevalent eight holes Xun and abalone Xun. New technology Xun playing effort, attractive appearance, and the sound quality is pure, beautiful tone, with a wide range and large volume play the complete and accurate 12 the law of averages, giving the joy of beauty.

Abalone Yixing pottery Xun has been widely used in today’s national band, the often played Xun song Ai Ying, “Chuge”, “wind”.

Guilin chili sauce

Guilin chili sauce the “Guilin Sambo” one hundred years of history, has been. Pepper commonly known as “Capsicum” pepper “spicy”, because of the climate, Guangxi and northern rich chili. In the winter and spring, northern Guangxi cold, wet, and pepper Xin heat increase in Tianjin, coupled with garlic Xin Wen detoxification, the tempeh relieving Quhan, and the three combined both Quhan, dampness and tasty appetizers, three Guilin chili sauce ingredients, greatly favored by the locals.
Guilin chili sauce
Guilin chili sauce is the Guilin traditional condiments. Qing Xianfeng (1851-1861 AD) years has been very famous. Dark red, spicy but not acrid, smell fragrant soy, unlike Guizhou Laoganma the oil and spicy Hunan spicy chili sauce, the Sichuan spicy chili sauce, but mild spicy, spicy and refreshing, spicy appetizer extremely unique, flavor, food should not be lit.

Guilin chili sauce making the choice of materials is very particular about the overturned pepper and chili horns Guilin locally produced, it is usually used as raw materials, the tempeh is specially made by the factory. Production process, is generally used in a large, flesh, red pepper, stalks, washed, dried, together with garlic, black beans, salt, chopped into the amount of three flowers rice wine, mix well and then loaded the altar cover. Thus prepared chili sauce not only has a reddish brown color, uniform thickness, spicy and mellow, salty taste buds, but also the butter retains rich in vitamin A, B, C, G, and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron and other trace elements, spleen appetizer aid digestion, a real worthy feast or family to taste the best.

Guilin chili sauce because of its different ingredients, there are a variety of different varieties. The main ingredient to the garlic is garlic chili sauce, tempeh called the main ingredients the tempeh chili sauce, such as the two join made a delicious Black Bean Chili Garlic Sauce. In the past, Guilin manually Square called “Tianyi stack”, specializing in the production of fermented bean curd and chili sauce, homegrown, known far and wide. Anti-Japanese War, the “Tianyi stack” hot pepper sauce fame had spread throughout the country. After the founding of the PRC, established in Guilin sauce factory, making chili sauce will “Tianyi stack” inherit and carry forward of Guilin chili sauce sauce factory in Guilin the flower bridge chili sauce production, and now, the most prestigious. It won in 1979 of Guilin industrial products quality award and Guangxi in recent years by the Ministry of Light Industry Award for quality products not only popular in the domestic market, and the products are exported to Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia.

Recent years, with the booming tourism industry of Guilin, Guilin Sambo “trademark” Guilin Sambo “gift box set of three Huajiu Guilin, Guilin fermented bean curd, Guilin chili sauce three famous product as a whole, small and unique, easy to carry, loved by domestic and foreign tourists.

Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures

Woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen Yangliuqing, Weifang, Shandong Province Jiangsu Taohuawu New Year and said the four Chinese New Year. New Year as a wonderful work of art unique to China, China’s ancient essence of folk art. Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, not only has high artistic value, but also highly ornamental value.

Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures
Zhuxianzhen in Kaifeng City, Henan Province, 10 km south, although it is a small town, next to the middle of the Qing Dynasty but Central Plains providers dock hub, commercial development and economic prosperity. Collectively referred to as China’s four famous towns and Hankou in Hubei Province town of Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province, the town of Foshan, Guangdong.
Origin Introduction

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The Kaifeng zhuxianzhen, since ancient times, is China’s four major commercial port city. Recently, zhuxianzhen named “China’s most beautiful towns and villages, so we walked together into the zhuxianzhen appreciate its heavy cultural history and beautiful ancient weathering.
Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai’s masterpiece “valiant”, “Sunburn taste Zhu Hai, held a feast to persuade Hou Ying”. Warring States period warriors Zhu Hai chivalrous extraordinary, by Xinling trust. According to legend, Zhu Hai to live in a village called fairy village, it said Zhu Hai Zhu Xian, known as the hometown of Zhu Hai zhuxianzhen Town, which is the origin of a zhuxianzhen.
Tracing the historical origins of
Woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen dating back more than 800 years of history, was born in the Tang, Song Xing peak in the Ming, has a long history, has a long history, known as the originator of the Chinese woodblock New Year pictures.

Emperor Taizong life painters painted generals, Qin Qiong, Gunter portrait hanging palace gates to ward off evil spirits, to become the beginning of the goalkeeper, due to its use of a large quantity of hand-painted paintings alone is difficult to meet the demand, so folk artists woodblock engraving to mass production, which development nearly New Year customs in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, which brought summing up of former experience, promoting the sandwich world, the end of many years of turmoil, for the edification of his subjects, established artists from life the Art Gallery Daizhao painted engraved picture, posted on the marketplace restaurant thus creating the height of the situation of the woodblock New Year pictures, the Song Doudong Beijing is the political, economic, and cultural center, around a large number of businessmen flock to the capital. Artists around the painters gathered with this, Bao Jian Song “Mapping” CLASSICS to life Art Academy Daizhao Gao Keming, in’s Engraving “toward the training Kam map awarded with the royal clan and ministers,
On some good will effect a lot of the public sectors to promote the development of secular literature and art; provides a rich soil of active secular literary and gave creative New Year. Coupled with the invention of movable type, the Song Dynasty in woodblock carving almost unemployed, this woodblock workers are to find a way out, the heavily involved Diaoyin woodblock New Year pictures, woodblock New Year pictures in the Song Dynasty industry toward prosperity.
Its production woodblock engraving version combined watermark chromatic, a wide range of the main the various God Code, Zhong Kui, goalkeeper, pommel horse figures, dolls ladies, Gods Jubilee, the original pigment used for the mine plant processed drift color sequence: Danhong, Pseudomonas, as red, the Huai yellow, Kwai purple, red, ancient paper mainly white hemp paper, hemp paper focus on color, uniform color, colorful, solemn and profound themes and content mostly drawn from the historical drama, Romance novels, fairy tales and folklore. New Year strong local flavor, strong civil Sex, has a unique local color and simplicity of ancient ethnic style, is a wonderful work of folk art and craft.

Development of this end of Song, woodblock New Year pictures to become Kaifeng, Henan zhuxianzhen, the dominant industries According to the “Tokyo Menghualu ‘records, then Tokyo Kaifeng nearly year-old festival marketplace are printed to sell goalkeeper, Zhong Kui peach version, the Spring Festival and financial door blunt donkeys, deer turning horse the day trip postings can be seen, when the printing and sale of the woodblock New Year pictures in Tokyo and the surrounding area zhuxianzhen unprecedented. Not only private workshops all over the official printing Square in the capital, and even the the Song Shi officer Ting also hosted offering New Year workshop. Integration of government-run and private workshops, the development of woodblock New Year pictures become inevitable.
End of the Northern Song Dynasty, due to Kinbyo invasion, the fall of Kyoto, the prosperity of the people and culture gradually Depression. A large number of New Year artist living on the Yangtze River, Tokyo New Year artist or Jin go into captivity, or fled to the other party, loss lazy to do now Kaifeng paintings former glory can only be seen from the literature. Intergenerational transmission of only zhuxianzhen artist art of woodblock New Year pictures. The first Ming after the reunification of domestic economic development, the development of the mid-Ming handicraft industry to promote the development of the workshop, over a thousand when the Ming zhuxianzhen famous workshop Shanxi opened the Jintai Yong firm, to recruit workers, thousands of sets of engravings , Henan Xinshengrong, firm New Year are exported to all over the country far grain recanalization of the river, zhuxianzhen the river extending in all directions, then became the commercial center of the Central Plains. Woodblock New Year pictures rapid recovery in the prosperous commercial port, trading is booming, Barghouti’s reputation. It contains, zhuxianzhen was engaged in this industry more than 300. In the late Qing Dynasty, blocked river zhuxianzhen, waterway barrier, woodblock New Year pictures and other business are becoming increasingly depressed.
Mid-Qing Dynasty zhuxianzhen has more than 40 production workshops, more than 2,000 people in the New Year production, Shandong, Anhui, Hebei, Jiangsu and other places customer after another, business is Xing Yu SHENG Rong, Jin Taiyong, rope art shops, vibration Source Wing, German source, days Ede, Wan-Tong, MassMutual, the Tiancheng Germany, large Tiancheng Tiancheng, Cao, two-in-two-in-Yong, heavens, Tin Shing, and into Tin Shui Tian Yi, Wan and, Yongsheng Xiang, Tai Seng, three justification. Civil New Year more zhuxianzhen old engraved font For example, there “Kirin has ever been” Japan’s war of aggression against the outbreak of the refuge relocation of some of the foreign firm, some firms have moved into the development of Kaifeng, lithograph rise of woodblock New Year pictures industry has been depressed, art shops and more operators incense, candles, paper guns only when the goalkeeper will zhuxianzhen into some farmers printing New Year sales before the Spring Festival, maintain strong free. Kaifeng was the New Year more than 10 workshops, mainly concentrated in the East Main Street, West Street, Zhongshan Road and bookstores Street. Famous old “Kymmene” “vibration source Wing”, “Clouds”, “Hung Kee”, “day welfare”. November 15 of each year listed customers car shipment from Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu province set out, it is truly exciting.

1953, Kaifeng City, organized folk artists established woodblock New Year pictures Productions, dissolution of the Cultural Revolution, the reform and opening up, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures Henan zhuxianzhen, social organizations or institutions established in 1983, woodblock New Year pictures of traditional crafts excavation and finishing.
Art Features
Woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen Taohuawu the reason and of Yangliuqing of, Jiangsu, Shandong Weifang, Sichuan Mianzhu and known as the famous New Year, is determined by its unique style. New Year pictures zhuxianzhen full composition, the line thickness expansion concise, exaggerated modeling simple, fresh and bright colors. Characters big head small body, both comedy and feel well-proportioned and comfortable. Some parts of the New Year the face of the person to play more red face ornaments, and New Year of zhuxianzhen does not hit the red face, looks very natural and harmonious. Chinese traditional arts and crafts, many made of tiger or painted yellow tiger or red tiger, and New Year of zhuxianzhen is purple tiger. This does not adhere to the traditional creative approach by the attention and praise of Chinese and foreign art world. [2]

Woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen very particular about the use of color, minerals, plants as raw material, their own hand-ground pigments, pigment grind add boiling water, filtered, and the use of color printing, color is very pure, crisp and bright printed New Year, eventually becoming faded full symmetry, composition, simple lines and rough, exaggerated modeling simple, unique artistic style.
New Year zhuxianzhen attaches great importance to traditional Chinese culture, with the color concept of the five elements, the use of black, patina, Cassia yellow, red, Zhang Dan, Kwai purple in color supplemented with hematoxylin red, gold, silver, up to the total number of colors 9 to 10. Folk used to say: “Huang see purple, ugly death.” The Kaifeng zhuxianzhen New Year yellow and purple color matching, color thick, strong contrast, not only unsightly suspected, but colorful, magnificent, the joy of the New Year with civil atmosphere coordinated.
New Year zhuxianzhen can be divided into three categories, one is the gods painting, such as Zao Jun God, the god of heaven and earth, goalkeeper, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, most of the goalkeeper, the goalkeeper Qin Qiong, Yuchi Jingde two generals Lord. The other is the painting of folk tales, folklore, Romance novels, drama story to characterize the object composition full, no background, character emotes to show the story, pure and contagious. The third category is: auspicious paintings, dolls, ladies.

Its main features are: 1, colorful: Door God zhuxianzhen, use of color, very particular about color formula is based on the traditional techniques of the nation, using the traditional process, refining the preparation, such as pigment printing New Year pictures , colorful, long time, does not wear, showing the contrast, color and vigorous style.
2, the image the exaggeration: Door God zhuxianzhen, from the layout point of view, to express more positive hero heroic image of the screen, Creating the Heroes, an order to righteousness, loyalty, simple, exaggeration, expressing the true image of the hero; people no obsequiousness: zhuxianzhen New Year figure painting, the expression is tall image of the hero, showing a justice, pure and selfless spirit gives a sense of justice to see.
3, rough lines: the layout of the pattern, the lines carved Yin, Yang, Yang thick, bold, strong thickness contrast, ancient portraits of iron line drawing techniques, especially in the drapery and other aspects, the most prominent lines thick solid Chunhou, rather break than bend with the simplicity of the Northern Peoples unique place, thick, robust style.
4 full composition: Door God zhuxianzhen, based on the inherited traditional techniques and composition. Useful distinctive endemic art. The entire screen is full, compact, tight, concise, blank fewer places. Space plus auspicious flowers, to increase the screen’s compact, easy to plate making, screen hierarchy, beauty and strong.
Heritage significance
The zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, not only has high artistic value, and highly ornamental value, many celebrities have the collection zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, Lu Xun has given high marks: “zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, carved lines coarse and health strong, different and elsewhere, is not delicate carved these woodcut is very plain, not coated with powder, the characters nor obsequiousness, the color is very strong local flavor, with the independence of the northern woodblock New Year pictures characteristics. “This is a good summary of woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen artistic characteristics.

In the twelve existing Kaifeng zhuxianzhen old: 000 with the old, the Tiancheng old, Cao old, day Ede old, the German source Heng old, old Heng Yi Xiang, Clouds old, , is now mining, sorting out the New Year one thousand two hundred and twenty more than 10 blocks of the old version, re-printed history of the old version of the New Year sets, and published the “Chinese woodblock New Year pictures the integration zhuxianzhen volume zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year collection volume, hand-printed antique line is equipped with: the woodblock year zhuxianzhen Paintings> zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year Folk Tales “woodblock New Year pictures of zhuxianzhen scroll” designated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a country gift products, Zhu cents Town woodblock New Year pictures <Four Beauties> selected session of the National Farmers’ Painting Exhibition, Kaifeng zhuxianzhen, paintings artists for the protection of traditional woodblock New Year pictures have done a lot of useful work. However, entire zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures printed very small, basically stay in the cottage-style mode. Artists to master the engraved printing zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures have been few, especially traditional ore, plant Color grinding method has been little known, if not to protect, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures making skills is likely to be completely dead.
Development prospects
Wood paintings of zhuxianzhen rescue excavation, sorting, it is imperative:
Several years ago, in Kaifeng, vice chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Association Chairman Feng Jicai held onto a the exquisite pieces zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures issue “does not step up mining, protection, development, the originator of this New Year is also the danger of extinction “sigh.
Today, through the efforts of all levels of government, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures have been included in China’s cultural heritage list. Kaifeng engaged artists of woodblock New Year pictures are less and less, still in loss of precious engraving, particularly acute in the Chinese Folk Artists Association named “hometown of Chinese woodblock New Year pictures” zhuxianzhen know how to sculpture, plate The artists have been depleted.
Renhe Lin, vice chairman of the City Folk Artists Association, referring to the pictures, can not help but sigh: “if not timely rescue, excavation, sorting, what about the development of the industry, so what is the innovation and development?”
Of Guo Tai Win: Looking back at once brilliant

Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures
Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures (19)
Yun Guo too old people say, the Northern Song Dynasty, the leap in economic development, highly developed technology, woodblock printing industry extremely prosperous. Since the goalkeeper painting steering engraved printing. “The Tokyo Menghualu” such records: “nearly year-old festival marketplace are printed to sell goalkeeper, Zhong Kui, peach version of the Spring Festival and financial door blunt donkey, deer turning horse, Sky Posts.” A “is” word written to make the Tokyo woodblock New Year pictures printing, sale unprecedented. According to historical records, the New Year workshops throughout the capital, and even the the Song Shi court also do workshops. Government and the people competing to do the development and prosperity of woodblock New Year pictures. Developed Ming Dynasty zhuxianzhen Swimming, Kaifeng woodblock New Year pictures printed center be transferred to zhuxianzhen. Ming and Qing Dynasties, zhuxianzhen water and land transportation is developed, merchants, business is booming. Literature: Qing Sheng in the New Year industry nearly 300 more than the late Qing Dynasty still exist more than 70, was written in the early Republican “Yue Fei zhuxianzhen,” it reads: “(woodblock New Year pictures) is the town’s most famous specialty, old Sheng, industry by more than 300 products are sold well in the adjacent provinces, a great exclusive market trend. “the Yellow River near the Pan, zhuxianzhen, the gradual loss of water transport advantages, the town during the war” natural “and its branches have gradually moved to Kaifeng and Zhenyuan Wing, Yasumori source, cloud mind Yuen Cheong more than 60 art shops scattered in the city’s West Street, in the mountain and bookstores Street area, lifting the New Year again printed selling climax. New Year old artist Guo Tai Wan said: “Every year, the Lunar New Year in February production, to Lunar November 15, the customer car shipment set out from Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu and throughout the province, it is truly exciting.”
Renhe Lin: industrialization article essay
City Folk Literature and Art Association, vice chairman of Renhe Lin Chiai New Year Art Research, more than 20 years has been committed to the New Year Survey Research and New Year industrialization explore. In recent years has campaigned for the New Year industrialization development. He told reporters that New Year industrialization of the essay, it is urgent to proceed from the following aspects:
New Year industrialization must first rise to by the height of the government authorities, the establishment of specialized organizations and institutions, to explore the zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures, improvement and development, partial, fragmented, spontaneous state change for the full , standardized and orderly track. Renhe Lin said in earnest, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures is a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation to stay. These valuable heritage are shared by the whole nation, of course also belong to the people of Kaifeng, belong to the zhuxianzhen people. Kaifeng New Year experts and zhuxianzhen the artist should have opened great culture, the concept of the New Year, stop unnecessary controversy, bury the hatchet, work together, learn from each other, improve the quality of New Year, the industrialization article of the New Year well.
Second, as soon as possible to fund some of the rescue funds to the scattered folk and in the field of historical engraving found, even if it is copied back to the old artists the opportunity to teach the craft down. Renhe Lin said, many of the New Year are solitary, such as Lu Xun’s lifetime collection of New Year. He said: “Over the years, I have sorted out 300 kinds of New Year, as soon as possible, these solitary paintings carved on the picture printed out, and then research, printing, issue.” Renhe Lin particular emphasis on aging veteran artists, certain to find a way to let their skills passed down. He said: “can do some training courses, training some of the young people who love the paintings art, the baton pass down the centuries paintings art.”
Third, the Chinese woodblock New Year pictures originated in Kaifeng, its historical position is self-evident, Kaifeng as soon as possible to build the New Year Art Museum. Renhe Lin told reporters, Yangliuqing wuqiang, Weifang, Yangjiabu, Mianzhu, Taohuawu has a special New Year Art Museum, but in “the hometown of Chinese woodblock New Year pictures and birthplace, now was not designed to display the paintings art museum it a shame, what a pity.
Fourth, the New Year in order to truly achieve industrialization, careful protection of the premise, innovation is essential. Zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year theme, techniques have to advance with the times, should be promoted scientific innovation. Goalkeeper painted by hand-painted woodblock rubbing itself is an innovative product. New Year zhuxianzhen also innovation while inheriting the tradition, only innovation can develop. In the interview, the reporter learned that the New Year grass-roots it in a variety of artistic interpretation of the last century “public” as an excuse to become a darling. But in the 1920s and 1930s, Yangliuqing, Taohuawu, and other places have begun to market segmentation, the traditional New Year off rural areas, innovative New Year off towns. In Tianjin, Shanghai, the New Year “variant” pray for the good folk myths image with commercial meaning of fashion beauty image replaced, or the same with the blessing, pray for the United States, Keyfull meaning of fashion beauty has become a public new idol. The theme of these fashion beauty city New Year popular city. Advertising New Year, the Calendar Year paintings became popular. The public theme emerged in the New Year, New Year fashion beauty, advertising bundled, picture composition and symbol system changes, these new New Year to keep up with the times, full of new vigor and vitality. Renhe Lin said at last: now the province is no longer professional publishing, the Spring Festival New Year market has been occupied by the provinces publications. According to incomplete statistics, in 1996, Henan, there are 100 million door, an essential for a painting. And now more than 10 years, Henan probably well over 100 million door. Door 2 dollars, 3 million to 5 million, Henan New Year Publishing considerable benefits. This should not be pessimistic about the development of promising New Year. Can learn from this experience, zhuxianzhen woodblock New Year pictures industrialization.
There is a market there tomorrow
Marketing Alvin Toffler said it best: “there is a market there tomorrow.” An in-depth rural folk songs writer once wrote: “there is no lack of spiritual nourishment New Year, New Year festive farmers feel posted on Heart of the New Year, it is not the New Year. “In fact, members of the public, so, too, do not put New Year scrolls can count the New Year? New Year paintings, become a social problem. It can be said, has a vast market in China, the New Year. Inexhaustible demand of the masses of the people, the New Year is not going to disappear, then the industrialization of New Year there will be a brighter tomorrow.

De’ang clothing

De’ang apparel with a strong national colors, reflecting the unique aesthetic the De’ang People. From the overall view, De’ang clothing mainly discreet, deep black tone, but often with white, sandwiched between red, blue, green and other colors, avoid pure black gives the sense of oppression, but seem fresh, crisp , giving a sense of pleasure.
De'ang clothing
Both ends of the The De’ang man in blue a black dajin jacket and wide and short pants, wrapped in black, white cloth turban, De’ang also particularly fond of colored pompon as an ornament, and therefore our common man turban, the young man earrings Bag around will be decorated with small colored pompon, colorful, unique.
, The most characteristic the De’ang clothing should be De’ang of women’s clothing. Women’s attire, the different branches of each notable features. “Red Rue d’and flower De’ang” women shave their heads, after the two ends of the header vertical, wear big earrings, silver necklace, in blue, black breasted jacket, lapel edge inserts two red cloth, the hem edge red, green, and yellow pompons decoration. A large box silver buttons, skirt cover breast and legs. Women “red De’ang” skirt on the red lines. The women skirt “flower De’ang” woven with red, black, blue color, shapely width of the lines. Women “black De’ang” skirt black line mainly the middle of the red, white and fine lines. In addition, the black De’ang “women married accumulator hair, wrapped in black cloth Baotou. About the origins of the De’ang the three Tongqun suit, De’ang civil circulating such a legend: In ancient times, De’ang slaughter of cattle worship, three sisters help cattle, killing cattle struggling on the ground, oxtail contaminated blood thrown in on their skirts. Later, they will each according to the skirt on the position and color of the blood on the depth of weaving new skirts, from the spread so far. Legend, sisters eat beef, because they do not care the cow drops of blood fell on his chest, red skirt. So, chest of De’ang women are sewn with two red cloth, which is cow’s blood and clothes mark.

The women there De’ang wear waist hoop custom girl adult, must be worn at the waist of the skirt on the number of even dozens of waist hoop. De’ang that girls who wear waist hoop more, do more refined, more that she is smart and capable, ingenuity, adult women are wearing waist hoop and proud of it. Most of the waist hoop bamboo woven rattan, and some first half of the rattan bamboo, the second half of the spiral silver. This unique customs, the Tang Dynasty De’ang ancestors – the vast tribal “rattan bamboo wrapped around the waist decorated with custom continuation of. Deang young men and women during the love, the young man in order to win the love of the girl, but also often scheming, elaborate engraved with the flora and fauna of design patterns, Rattan and bamboo waist hoop to give to his beloved girl.

De angzu the tattoo customs, the De’ang general stabbed in the back of the hand, thigh and chest tiger, deer, black, flowers and other plants and animals pattern or Daiwen Mantras.

Guilin fermented bean curd

Guilin fermented bean curd is one of the three treasures of Guilin, historic and prestigious. It is said that as far as the Song Dynasty, Guilin fermented bean curd is already very well known; also been said that the fermented bean curd from the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty had two tour poet Yuan Mei Gui the “Garden Cookbook praised the” Guangxi white fermented bean curd Best as evidence. Guilin fermented bean curd history produced exactly how long, Though it’s difficult to trace, but at least there are a few hundred years of history.
Guilin fermented bean curd
Guilin fermented bean curd, pepper, spices, sweet-scented osmanthus three varieties, with their different ingredients, but the practice is the same. Production of fermented bean curd is not very complicated, first need the finest of soya bean curd, then compacts divided into half inch square pieces, placed on top of the bamboo, the inoculation natural culture Mucor or Rhizopus moved into mold room, incubated for 2-3 days. When the the tofu surface all covered in white domesticated hen hyphae, remove the salted, placed in the altar, to accompanied the quality Sanhuajiu and valuable spices, and stored at room temperature fermentation Serve 3-5 months. So refined fermented bean curd After two pre-and post-fermentation stage light yellow color, fine texture, the gas smell fresh. It is particularly worth mentioning is that in accordance with this traditional Science and Technology, Guilin fermented bean curd tofu protein peptides, amino acids and other microbial decomposition, high nutritional value.

The Guilin table is inseparable from the fermented bean curd, it is an excellent seasoning sauce. Guilin summer is hot, it is good porridge together, fermented bean curd is commonly adorned with things, it is not only delicious, but also appetizers by food, so by the pro-gaze of the public. Fermented bean curd and other effects provide fresh. Guilin cooking is ultimately, fermented bean curd flavored Although nowadays monosodium glutamate, chicken is popular, but the total can not replace the status of fermented bean curd in Guilin cuisine. Guilin specialty suckling pig, dog, taro pork, had to use fermented bean curd sauce, to system out juice flavor the United States, fragrant cuisine. Ordinary dishes, such as tofu salad, egg, Chunya, bamboo shoots, fried water spinach, if topped with bean curd, the taste is the taste lingers.

It is said that during the war, Guilin population increased sharply, rising prices, and fermented bean curd is relatively cheap, as long as people can be on behalf of a fermented bean curd dishes with rice, affordable, and thus a sudden sharp rise in sales of fermented bean curd. At that time, there are a lot of cultural celebrities Wen praise fermented bean curd, the famous dramatist Xiong Fuxi had twice the author Guilin Tianyi stack fermented bean curd. The Tianyi stack fermented bean curd reputation spread like wildfire Therefore, even the provisional capital of Chongqing, Kung Miss named buy Tianyi stack fermented bean curd.

Guilin fermented bean curd inherited the old traditional process, coupled with the modern science and technology, quality is the next level. Guilin fermented bean curd factory flower bridge fermented bean curd Ministry of Light Industry has repeatedly been rated as high quality products, won the National Silver Medal. Lingui four Tong Hengshan Village fermented bean curd, fermented bean curd for Lingui five life Imura is a rising star, the quality did not lose the old brand, they not only meet the needs of the public, but also sold abroad, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, Southeast Asia and friends welcome.

Chinese national musical instrument flute

The flute is a wind instrument made ​​from bamboo, it is also known as bamboo flute, a blow hole, a membrane holes, six sound hole, a sound hole and two out of the sound hole (also called “rope hole” ). The flute spread a vast area, a wide variety. The most commonly used Qudi bangdi and set the tone flute. There Yuping flute, seven-hole flute, piccolo and cis flute.
Chinese national musical instrument flute
The flute is one of China’s most characteristic musical instruments in, also known as “flute”, the ancient called “cross-blowing. In May 1986, the 16 bone flute unearthed in Henan Wuyang Jiahu Village in the early Neolithic sites, according to the determination of BP have been more than 8000 years of history. Yellow Emperor, dating back about 4,000 years ago, the Yellow River the growth of a large number of bamboo, start-election bamboo materials to make the flute, “Historical Records” record “Yellow Emperor Ling Lun cutting bamboo in Kunming Xi, cut flute, blowing phoenix Ming, “bamboo material made ​​a big step forward in the flute, bamboo bone vibration of one of good, clear pronunciation; both bamboo ease of processing. Qin and Han Dynasty has a seven-hole bamboo flute, and the invention of two flute.

Now the popular bamboo flute northern two “bangdi” and the South “Qudi. The short bangdi, sound area, than the Qudi the sound of high purity four degrees. Commonly used to accompaniment Bangzi class opera; Qudi slightly longer, slightly lower sound area to the accompaniment Kunqu or the Sunan percussion song “,” wind and percussion music “instrumental ensemble. Range of more than two groups. The high-pitched sound bangdi, loud, rough, unrestrained; tone soft Qudi, elegant, rich, peaceful. Embouchure more, as long as there is a single spit, dual-spit, spit, flower tongue, Reduplicated, calendar tone, portamento, vibrato. The high sensitivity of the flute, playing the main theme of musical instruments. It solo, accompaniment and ensemble, commonly used two large national orchestra flute, treble bangdi and midrange Qudi of. Sometimes, there are three the flute (a bangdi, of two Qudi). Now there are several reforms flute; increased semitone finger holes, and is divided into two devices, easy to transpose and adjust the pitch.

Mongolian costumes

The vast grasslands raising the passionate Mongolian people, the steppe nomadic life, a long national history and rich national culture of Mongolian dress unique and brilliant Chinese minority costumes.
Mongolian costumes
An integral part of the Mongolian costumes include robes, jewelry, belts and boots sections.

Robes Mongolian men, women and children throughout the year like wearing clothing, this robe wide, sleeve length, collar, buttons on the right side. The ingenuity of the Mongolian woman also in the gown’s neckline, cuffs and embroidered on the edge of the beautiful lace as embellishment. With the warm and cold seasons change, the Mongolian summer wear single robe, spring and autumn wear clip gowns, winter wear gown made of sheepskin Pipao, so horses grazing, can resist cold.

Mongolian robes, men’s female models still some differences. Male gowns are generally more lenient, filling the heroic the prairie man of unrestrained; color blue, mainly brown; the robe tight-fitting, filling out the slim figure of the woman, rich color than the male robe, mostly red, pink , green, purple, sky blue, show Prairie Women’s enthusiasm for fitness, but also spared no effort to reflect the beautiful side. The Mongolian robe geographically there are some differences on the design.

The belt must wear Mongolian robe is an important part of Mongolian costumes, also fastidious material, usually with long made of three to five meters of silk or cotton. In order to facilitate Horse riding, Mongolian men wear a belt, most of gown will be put up, so that both were capable, riding and shooting without strings attached; woman wear a belt, intends to gown to the drop-down, showing slender and slim figure.

Mongolian favorite boots can be described as the most distinctive part of Mongolian costumes. Herders leave their boots all year round, the Mongolian boots fine workmanship, boots help, etc. have wonderful patterns. Mongolian boots can be divided into two kinds of riding boots and Mongolian boots, riding boots are made of leather, usually black, popular among young people of all ages; Mongolian boots, also known as Hong cow boots, Xue Jian slightly upturned, boots is usually decorated with patterns, body boots more lenient. Mongolian boots are not only beautiful, but also very practical. As we all know, the Mongolian people on horseback, riding, Mongolian boots, ankle, lost horse off the stirrup, therefore, it was not until the great national integration, pastoral men, women and children still love wearing boots Mongolia.

Peigua jewelry, wearing a hat is the habit of the Mongolian people. Mongolian women in the Chinese New Year, a festive banquet or visit family visit friends often wear jewelry made of these decorations, a wide range of materials are not the same, precious jewelry multi-agate, pearls, precious stones and gold and silver, which Mongolian dress also makes more Furama expensive. Mongolian women wear ornaments, in addition to the headdress, earrings, necklaces, bracelets, rings, there are kinds of Peigua in the the gown upper right lapel buttons, ornaments, accessories sometimes as a token of friendship and love to give to a friend or lovers, Mongolian, called “Haab Interlagos. Mongolian customs, married women to comb two long braids and two braided sleeve braids mounted on the inside with black cloth hanging in the chest, the braided sleeve embroidered patterns or decorated with silver medallion jewelry, Mongolian called “Ha Doyle. Mongolia men’s accessories is simple compared to the women’s accessories, many Mongolian men have left the top of the head long braids, bringing knife and Huolian.

Yixing teapot

Yixing, Jiangsu Province, a long history of pottery, sophisticated products, is the famous pottery. According to legend, the founder of the Yixing pottery industry is more than 2400 years ago, the Spring and Autumn Period more doctor Fan Li, he help Goujian to perish Wu Gou is only fair-weather Zhuer, so with his family came to the Jiangsu Yixing Ding the mountain seclusion down, and here began Ceramics, the pottery industry flourished, therefore, Fan Li potters dedicated to the founder of the pottery industry, known as the “Tao Zhu. According to archaeological discoveries, some 5000 years ago in the Neolithic Age, the ancestors of the Yixing region has been the invention of pottery. They have produced a geometric stamped hard pottery and primitive celadon system Taozhuan Cheng steady stream until the fine Yixing pottery.

Yixing teapot

Teapot Yixing Pottery “the most famous boutique, it is unrivaled in the world, renowned in the world. This is entirely due to the Yixing purple clay resources. History contains: from tomorrow and until the early Qing Dynasty, where the the Yixing system, Taigu hard and firm, color Run light. This mud deep in the lithosphere, is a natural colored clay, can be described as Yixing specialty. The argillaceous has good plasticity, without adding with other chemical raw materials, good ventilation, without glazing that is flat and smooth, coupled with the appearance of dignified, calm color, texture, and particles of the United States and many other advantages, in fact, the production of the finest teapot material. Qing Dynasty poet Wang Wenbo praise purple clay: “Human bead Yasutari the take, not at Yangxian a pill soil.”

Purple clay pottery in the ingenuity of the hands of the artist, it is changing the mix, all kinds of wonderful teapot, teapot surface, also has mountains, water, birds, insects, characters, calligraphy, illustrated, described as wonderful workmanship. Compact design teapot not only has a strong practical, but also have high artistic pot poetry, painting, have fun, and even the soul. From the two mud to a pot, in the process, completely independently produced by individuals. How system what kind of pot, the so-called common pot see, for example, to the wise of heart potter, a pot is one of the world. The ancient tea drinkers teapot regarded as the first of the world tea, Jane with arch Bi, the bead.

Speaking of the Teapot best, I must also mention popular for the spring the maker and Drymaria toad pot. According to legend, created by the famous Ming Dynasty teapot artists for the spring. Born poor for spring, talented, hard working hands and feet in worship the pottery master old monk as a teacher not the case, do everything possible to study carefully. His old monk made the size of the pot like silent plotted figure, his side DIY, groping experience. Finally made: the expensive, resembles the peach QiuZhi the knots, old Emotion; spout and pot has sprig configuration, naturalness; expensive, both sides of the heap to the Peach Blossom in full bloom and slender peach leaf, vivid, several may be spurious; matched Yixing primary colors for spring maker of elegant simplicity, creating a new style of purple craft. Someone exclaim: “for a spring small pot, used for decades, value Jin Wat.” For the spring pot “historical records to become the first batch of teapot rarity for spring is the first one found records Teapot famous artists.

Guilin rice noodles

Guilin rice has more than 2000 years of history. The unique manufacturing process, color, smell, and taste is of Guilin traditional local flavor is a must, the most unique Guilin snacks.

Guilin rice noodles

Guilin rice noodle generated Qin, there are many phenomena in Guilin rice culture evidence: the most primitive rice presses, “clutch” completely Qin farm implements “Lei” image; past sell “dan dan noodles” hawkers the streets are wearing wooden shoes, wooden shoes is the Qin Lu a.

Guilin rice noodles to the Qing Dynasty, can be described as the development of the heyday, has also spread three vegetarian Da Lei “the story. Solidarity and cooperation between the Qing Dynasty, Guilin Xuan Rong vegetarian, will cents vegetarian, Yi Rong Zhai three vegetarian, encourage each other, Hin Rong Zhai sell fried cents Lent sell halogen powder, Yi Rong Zhai selling soup, three vegetarian fair competition style all their own, for the elephants. Guilin “Hin Wing vegetarian” learned the rice is fried film “, the so-called” fried slice “is fresh beef Mongolian cast in bamboo drying, and then into the water stew pot, of good stew slice Zaichao the. This will not only keep the sweet taste of beef, but also has soft and nutty characteristics, coupled with Braised fried piece of brine flavor with sweet and has its own characteristics, which make “Xuan tea vegetarian rice. Rice the “cents vegetarian” also has its own tricks, called “the bottom of the bowl see white. That is, every bowl of rice, put the weight of the brine just finished mixed with rice noodles, just right, not a drop left. It turned out that the “cents vegetarian” the effort in the brine. It brine, for seasoning Luohanguo, brine Do not enjoyably after eating aftertaste fluid, reminisce.

Republic of China, Guilin rice noodles also sent forth the dry fishing Fun, hot and sour powder, meat powder, noodles, etc., to the rice into the infinite vitality. It is said that when Li Tsung-jen when on behalf of the President of the Republic, had sent a special plane to Guilin rice sent to Nanjing solutions slander.

Today, Guilin Rice Noodles, is everywhere. When you walk the streets of Guilin, waves of rice fragrance nostrils. Guilin, work, live, or in Guilin Travel outsiders, this faint trace strands of rice complex “wound. Of saying: “Guilin rice noodles, is the originator of the world’s fast-food industry; Guilin rice noodles, a representative of the Chinese food culture; Guilin rice noodles, cooking classic art; Guilin rice noodles, is the witness of national integration.” The son of Pai Chung-hsi, Taiwan’s famous writer Pai Hsien-yung back to Guilin hometown, is also particularly fond of rice noodles, when he is about to leave Guilin, a meal to notice ate three bowls ……
Different flavors of Guilin rice noodles

Lucai powder: Guilin rice noodle most representative is Lucai powder. Lucai powder is drained hot rice, adding to the boil, stewed beef, stewed pork, stewed cow bladder, beef liver, and brine, peanut oil, soybean cakes sprinkled with pepper, garlic, and then according to their preferences and other side dishes, mixing tasty. This rice to eat the sensual and taste, there will be a wonderful taste.

Rice horse: Guilin rice noodle, the most famous rice horse. It with a special braised horse meat as an ingredient, horse meat is tender Wei Xiang, aphrodisiac. Eat horse meat rice bowl cup so large, only a bowl of rice inside the delicious horse soup with crispy the December horse meat, plus coriander vegetables, peanuts, sesame oil, and then mixed with the sauce of Guilin, flavor, straight into the heart, the most interesting is to eat rice horse, eat a meal twenty or thirty bowls to give up. Rice horse the most well-known of the old city “and Yi Xuan Rice Noodles.

Dan dan noodles: rice horse par “Tam Tam rice.” The so-called dan dan noodles, is the burdens, from dawn to dusk, walking channeling Lane selling rice. Top of a cask insert a chopsticks rice flour, ingredients, peas, bamboo, followed by a cask pot head to take rice play. With a few small stool, food hawkers with Tam Tam edge sit – a bowl of rice.

Noodles: This is coupled with the delicious aroma of braised beef brisket soup eat rice, beef brisket soup is chosen good Dichotomanthes tripe, together with some spices, cook fried, then stewed for hours system out, long rice noodles immersed in a thick yellow sirloin soup, soup with rice noodles to eat, really do not satisfy their craving said than done!

Soup: cut and seasoned pork, mushrooms, into a small wok cooked, poured into a bowl filled with rice and green onion, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil and other ingredients. This rice taste is very delicious, especially suitable for consumption in the cold winter.

Rice salad: This is a prime meat powder, just add vinegar mix to eat acid beans, sour peppers and tomatoes, economic and refreshing, the women especially fond of the summer the most popular.

Guilin rice noodles practice
Main ingredients: rice flour, brine, and side dishes.

Rice practice: Guilin rice noodles, vermicelli Cuyuan looks bright white, smooth, flexible, high-quality rice is often a mass of only one. Production, high-quality rice bubble up, ground into a paste and drained, boiled half-cooked powder, then rub, squeeze into a round powder, and then cooked, and finally leaching Serve. It has been repeatedly hides rubbing firmly structured exception, excellent gluten strength.

Brine practices: Guilin store brewed brine their own trick. Generally choose some traditional spices, such as orange peel, cloves, star anise, fennel and the like, In addition, there are a lot of cattle bone or pig bones, Guilin Sanhuajiu, fermented bean curd, Mangosteen, rock sugar, and so on. Variety of spices how much of the match, the pot has the order, the furnace control, that finally decides the brine flavor finally made. After carefully brewed brine, fragrant, pure taste, rich nutrition, rice flour mixing, the U.S. ignorant cuisine diet.

Types of ingredients: sour beans, fried chili sauce, garlic, green onion, vinegar, soy sauce, soup bones.

Folk instruments – Liuqin

The Liuqin the called “liuyeqin”, is a folk instruments in China, it has a more familiar name called “soil pipa. Liuqin initially popular in Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui and other places, is now popular in the country.

Folk instruments - Liuqin

Liuqin our national band instrument often used in some local opera, but it’s a narrow range and little volume.

Shape, structure of the Liuqin similar to the lute, initial Liuqin willow production, only two strings or three-stringed lute, with a thin bamboo set on the index finger on the play as a plectrum. Later, there four strings Liuqin.

Crisp sound of Liuqin, rough, rich and expressive, you can play lyrical music and techniques difficult.